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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clinical uses of Pilocarpine
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Sjogren's and glaucoma
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Edrophonium
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alcohol, very short acting, 5-15 minutes, poorly lipid soluble
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Drugs used in Myastenia Gravis
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Edrophonium, Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine
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Neostigmine
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PO, 30 min-2hrs
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Physostigmine
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30 min-2 hours PO, Is lipid soluble
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Parathion
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very toxic, organophosphate, in pesticides
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Clinical uses of Methscapolamine
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GI and GU
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Clinical use of Oxylbuthin
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GU
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Clinical use of Tolteradine
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GU
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Signs of Muscarinic Toxicity
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Mad as a hatter, red as a beat
Can't see, can't pee, ... |
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Ephedrine
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a1a2b1b2
mixed |
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oxymetazoline
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nonselective alpha1 alpha2
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Epinephrine
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a1a2b1b2
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mechanism of action of reserpine
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blocking uptake of endogenous
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mech of action of Guanethidine
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competes with catecholamines for uptake; displaces Norepi from vesiicles
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Name some direct acting adrenergic agonist?
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PECTIN
Phenylephrine Epinephrine Clonidine Terbutaline Isoproterenol Norepinephrine Remember: Dobutamine |
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Name some non-selective direct acting adrenergic agonist?
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Isoproterenol
Epinephrine Norepinephrine |
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What are the types of Indirect- acting Adrenergic Agonists?
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Releasing agents
Uptake Inhibitors MAO/COMT Inhibitors |
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What are the types of Indirect-acting Adrenergic Agonist
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Releasing agents, Uptake Inhibitors, MAO/COMT Inhibitors
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Direct-acting, mixed-acting, and indirect acting are all types of ______ agonist
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Adrenergic
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How does prior treatment with reserpine or guanethidine affect the releasing agents, amphetamine and tyramine?
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Responses are Abolished
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Hoe does prior treatment with reserpine or guanethidine affect the mixed- acting agent, ephedrine?
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Response is REDUCED
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How does prior treatment with reserpine or guanethidine affect the direct-acting adrenergic agonist?
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Responses are NOT reduced
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sympathomimetic describe primarily _________ activation which is due to a drug substance binding the same receptors as ______, and acting as an ______.
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adrenergic
Norepinephrine agonist |
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____________ are valuable therapy for myastenia patients
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cholinesterase inhibitors
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__________ is sometimes used as a diagnostic test for myasthenia.
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Edrophonium
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After a patient with myastenia gravis is given Edrophonium, how will muscle strength changes?
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an improvement in muscle strength that lasts about 5 minuutes is usually observed.
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myasthenic crises must be distinguished from ___ ______
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cholinergic crisis
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Long term therapy for myasthemia gravis is accomplished with _______, ____________, or __________
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neostigmine
pyridostigmine ambenonium |
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Drugs used in the treatment of pheochromocytoma.
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phenoxybenzamine
phentolamine |
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_______ receptor antagonist are most useful in the preoperative mangaement of patient with pheochromocytoma
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alpha
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Where is the tumor of pheochromocytoma found?
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adrenal medulla
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The tumor of pheochromocytoma releases a mixture of
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epinephrine
norepinephrine |
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Uses of Bethanechol
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Post-op and Neurogenic Ileus and Urinary Retention
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Uses of Carbachol
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Glaucoma
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Uses of Pilocarpine
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Glaucoma
Sjogren's Syndrome |
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Uses of nicotine
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Smoking deterrence
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Muscarinic Toxicity
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CNS stimulation
Miosis, spasm of accomodation Bronchoconstriction Increases GI and GU smooth muscle activity Increased secretory activity: sweat glands, airway, GI tract Vasodilation, reflex tachycardia |
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Nicotinic toxicity
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CNS stimulation, including convulsions followed by depression
ganglionic stimulation and block neuromuscular end plate depolarization leading to fasciculation and paralysis |
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cholinergic toxicity mnuemonic
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D-Diarrhea
U- Urination M- Miosis B- Bronchoconstriction B- Bradycardia E- Excitation L- Lacrimation S-Salivation S-Sweating |
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Agent used to treat insecticide poisoning. only agent available in the US
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Pralidoxime
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