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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Land use color: Industry
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Purple
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Land user color: Low density Housing
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Yellow
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Land use color: High density housing
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Brown
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Land use color: Retail, commercial
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Red
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Land use color: Institutional, public
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Blue
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Land use color: recreation, natural resources
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Green
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Land use color: utilities
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Gray
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One map system
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When the current and future land use maps have been combined and together function as both the master plan map and the regulatory zoning map
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Land classification map
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Divides a planning jurisdiction into different classes of land, more general than a land use plan
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Orthophoto
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an aerial photo that has been rectified and can be used to measure distance or overlay on maps
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FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps
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Show the boundaries of land that has at least a 1 percent chance of flooding in any given year
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1 acre = ? sq ft
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43,560
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1 hectare = ? acres
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2.471
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1 mile = ? ft
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5,280
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1 sq mile = ? acres
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640
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FAR
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the ratio of permitted floor area of a building in relation to the size of the lot
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What is the FAR of a 12,000 sf building on a 1200 sf lot
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10
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Where/when was the first zoning ordinance
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NYC, 1916, drafted by Edward Bassett
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First urban growth boundary?
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1958, Lexington and Fayette County, Kentucky
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What is the Regional Survey of New York and its Environs and when was it published?
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1928, viewed land use as a function of accessibility
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Oregon Land Use Act
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1973, created a state-wide planning system and required identification of urban growth boundaries separating urban from rural areas
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Euclidian zoning
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Typical approach to regulating land use; specifies exactly what uses will be allowed, does not allow for mix of uses
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Alfred Bettman
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Defended zoning before supreme court in Euclid v. Ambler Realty
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Cumulative zoning
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An older, hierarchical approach in which less intensive uses such as residences are allowed in areas of more intensive use, such as commercial districts
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Noncumulative zoning
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Allows only the stated use and not more restrictive (less intensive) uses
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Form-based zoning
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Regulates the size, form, appearance and placement of building rather than the use of the land and the density of development
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Transect zoning
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Describes development as a continuum of six zones from rural to urban and identifies standards for each
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Performance zoning
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Focuses on the intensity of development that is acceptable and its impact on the environment, doesn't deal with use
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subdivision regulations
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used to divid land into parcels and regulate the location and design of supporting infrastructure
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downzoning
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a confusing term because on thinks its rezoning that decreases the intensity of development, but it can sometimes mean the opposite as well
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conditional use
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not allowed as of right but permitted due to specific conditions
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variance
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the permitting of activities whose denial would cause a hardship associated with the parcel
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ETJ
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Extraterritorial Jurisdiction- when a state of municipality is allowed to impose zoning outside its boundaries, ensuring that development beyond the boundaries is compatible
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Floating zone
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when a community defines a use that is encouraged but is not assigned to a particular parcel- when a parcel is selected the regulations are affixed to the parcel
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overlay zoning
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to lay a special zone on top of existing zoning in order to apply additional requirements to that area
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cluster zoning
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allows buildings to be built at higher density in one area of a parcel to protect open space elsewhere
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PUD
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large scale mixed use developments or high density residential developments, allow for flexibility in the siting of buildings and the implementation of development standards
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exaction
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cost levied on developer as a condition for receiving permission to develop, should reflect the cost that a development is projected to impose on a community
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impact fee
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a type of exaction that is directly related to impact of new development- is most often used to fund capital facilities
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easement
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used to secure a portion of rights associated with a parcel without securing ownership
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grayfield development
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development on a vacant urban or suburban site that was formerly developed as, for example, a strip mall
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Locally Undesirable Land Use
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(LULU) A land use that is necessary but considered objectionable
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Takings
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prohibited by 5th amendment without paying just compensation and by 14th amendment without due process of the law
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Ripeness doctrine
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States that a claim in ready for judicial review only after a property owner has sought all possible relief through, for example, variance
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Ernest Burgess
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Proposed in 1925 that urban areas grew outward as a series of concentric rings
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Homer Hoyt
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Proposed in 1939 the idea that urban areas developed by sections that form along community and transportation routes
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Harris and Ullman
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Proposed in 1945 that urban areas grow by progressive integration of a number of separate nuclei, which become specialized and differentiated
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Alonso
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In 1960 proposed that the cost of land, the intensity of development of land, the concentration of the population and the number of place of employment each declines as distance from the BCD increases
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Logan and Molotch
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Proposed in 1987 that urban development is actually directed by those elite members of the community who control the resources and have connections
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