Chapter 5

Front 1

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

Back 1

Abbreviated AIDs; A disease that breaks down the body's immune system. AIDs is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Hint 1

Causes AIDs

Front 2

Acquired Immunity

Back 2

Immunity that the the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens, such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.

Hint 2

Flu vaccinations

Front 3

Allergy

Back 3

Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.

Hint 3

Harmless

Front 4

Antiseptics

Back 4

Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Hint 4

Regulations

Front 5

Asymptomatic

Back 5

Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.

Hint 5

Visible infection

Front 6

Bacilli

Back 6

Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.

Hint 6

Rod-shaped

Front 7

Bacteria (singular; Bacterium)

Back 7

One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless.

Hint 7

One-celled

Front 8

Bactericidal

Back 8

Capable of destroying bacteria.

Hint 8

Destroys bacteria

Front 9

Binary Fission

Back 9

The division of bacteria cells into two cells called daughter cells.

Hint 9

Two cells

Front 10

Bioburden

Back 10

The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object before decontamination or sterilization

Hint 10

Decontamination on surfaces

Front 11

Bloodborne pathogens

Back 11

Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.

Hint 11

Disease-causing

Front 12

Chelating Soaps

Back 12

Also known as chelating detergents; detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of pedicure products such as scrubs, salts, and masks

Hint 12

Detergents/soaps

Front 13

Clean (cleaning)

Back 13

A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs. Cleaning also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection. Cleaning is what cosmetologists are required to do before disinfecting.

Hint 13

Procedures

Front 14

Cocci

Back 14

Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups. The three types of cocci are staphylococci, streptococci, and diplococci.

Hint 14

Alone Round-shaped

Front 15

Contagious Disease

Back 15

Also known as communicable disease; Disease that is spread from one person to another person. Some of the most contagious diseases are the common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis (pinkeye), viral infections, natural nail or toe and foot infections.

Hint 15

Common cold

Front 16

Contamination

Back 16

The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin

Front 17

Decontamination

Back 17

The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.

Hint 17

Removal of blood

Front 18

Diagnosis

Back 18

Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a diagnosis.

Hint 18

Determination of a disease

Front 19

Diplococci

Back 19

Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause disease such as pneumonia.

Hint 19

Causes pneumonia

Front 20

Direct Transmission

Back 20

Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.

Hint 20

Transmission of blood

Front 21

Disease

Back 21

An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function.

Hint 21

Abnormal conditions

Front 22

Disinfectants

Back 22

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces.

Hint 22

Destroys bacteria

Front 23

Disinfection (Disinfecting)

Back 23

A chemical process that uses specific products to destroys harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces.

Hint 23

Chemical process

Front 24

Efficacy

Back 24

The ability to produce an effect.

Hint 24

Produced an effect

Front 25

Exposure Incident

Back 25

Contact with nonintact (broken) skin, blood fluid or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee's duties.

Hint 25

Nonintact skin

Front 26

Flagella

Back 26

Slender, hairlike extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about). May also be referred to as cillia.

Hint 26

Slender hairlike

Front 27

Fungi (singular; Fungus)

Back 27

Microscopic plant parasites, which includes molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.

Hint 27

Microscopic plant

Front 28

Fungicidal

Back 28

Capable of destroying fungi.

Hint 28

Destroying parasites

Front 29

Hepatitis

Back 29

A Bloodborne virus that causes disease and damage the liver.

Hint 29

Bloodborne virus

Front 30

Hospital disinfectants

Back 30

Disinfectants that are effective for cleaning the body and body fluids.

Hint 30

Cleaning the body

Front 31

Human Immunodeficiency virus

Back 31

Abbreviated HIV; virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDs).

Hint 31

AIDs

Front 32

Human Papilloma virus

Back 32

Abbreviated HPV and also known as Plantar Warts; A virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dot, usually in clustered groups.

Hint 32

Plantar warts

Front 33

Immunity

Back 33

The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection. Immunity against disease can be either natural or acquired and is a sign of good health.

Hint 33

Resist infection

Front 34

Indirect Transmission

Back 34

Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extract, nipper, or an environmental surface.

Hint 34

Transmission of blood

Front 35

Infection Control

Back 35

Are the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms.

Hint 35

To reduce transmission of

Front 36

Infectious

Back 36

Caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection.

Hint 36

Capable of

Front 37

Infection

Back 37

The invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens.

Hint 37

Invasion of

Front 38

Inflammation

Back 38

A condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection; Characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.

Hint 38

Reacts to injury

Front 39

Infectious Disease

Back 39

Disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from one person to another person.

Hint 39

Disease caused by pathogenics

Front 40

Local infection

Back 40

An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus.

Hint 40

Pimples or abcess

Front 41

Material Safety Data Sheet

Back 41

Abbreviated MSDS; Information complied by the manufacturer about product safety, including the names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling and use procedures, precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure, and flammability warnings.

Hint 41

Procedures

Front 42

Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus Aureus

Back 42

Abbreviated MRSA; A type of infectious bacteria that is highly resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics.

Hint 42

A infectious disease

Front 43

Microorganism

Back 43

Any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size.

Hint 43

Microscopic

Front 44

Mildew

Back 44

A type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects, but does not cause human infections in the salon.

Hint 44

Type of fungus

Front 45

Motility

Back 45

Self-movement

Front 46

Multiuse

Back 46

Also known as reusable; items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluids.

Hint 46

Reusable

Front 47

Mycobacterium Fortuitium

Back 47

A microscopic germ that normally exists in tap water in small numbers.

Hint 47

Exist in tap water

Front 48

Natural Immunity

Back 48

Immunity that is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.

Hint 48

Partly developed

Front 49

Nonpathogenic

Back 49

Harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm.

Hint 49

Harmless microorganisms

Front 50

Nonporous

Back 50

An item that is made or constructed of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids.

Hint 50

Absorbs liquids

Front 51

Occupational Disease

Back 51

Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients.

Hint 51

Associated with employment

Front 52

Parasites

Back 52

Organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host), while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive.

Hint 52

Organism's that grows

Front 53

Parasitic Disease

Back 53

Disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites.

Hint 53

Lice and mites

Front 54

Pathogenic

Back 54

Harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body.

Hint 54

Harmful microorganisms

Front 55

Pathogenic Disease

Back 55

Disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.

Hint 55

Produced by organisms

Front 56

Phenolic Disinfectants

Back 56

Powerful tuberculosis disinfectants. They are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes.

Hint 56

Formaldehyde

Front 57

Porous

Back 57

Made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings. Porous items are absorbent.

Hint 57

Items are absorbent

Front 58

Pus

Back 58

A fluid created by infection.

Hint 58

Papule

Front 59

Quaternary Ammonium compounds

Back 59

Also known as quats; Disinfectants that are very effective when used properly in the salon.

Hint 59

Quats

Front 60

Sanitation

Back 60

Also known as sanitizing; A chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level.

Hint 60

Sanitizing

Front 61

Scabies

Back 61

A contagious skin disease that is caused by the Itch mite, which burrows under the skin.

Hint 61

Contagious disease

Front 62

Single-use

Back 62

Also known as disposable; items that cannot be used more than once. These items cannot be properly cleaned so that all visible residue is removed-such as pumice stones used for pedicures-or they are damaged or contaminated by cleaning and disinfecting.

Hint 62

Disposable

Front 63

Sodium Hypochlorite

Back 63

Common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon.

Hint 63

Effective bleach for houses and salons

Front 64

Spirilla

Back 64

Spiral or corkscrew-shaped bacteria that cause diseases such as syphilis and Lyme disease.

Hint 64

Spiral or corkscrew

Front 65

Staphylococci

Back 65

Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils.

Hint 65

Pus-forming

Front 66

Sterilization

Back 66

The process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.

Hint 66

Spores

Front 67

Streptococci

Back 67

Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. They cause infections such as strep throat and blood poisoning.

Hint 67

String of beads

Front 68

Systemic Disease

Back 68

Disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under-functioning or over-functioning of internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the blood stream or the lymphatic system.

Hint 68

Under-functioning or over-functioning

Front 69

Tinea barbae

Back 69

Also known as barber's itch; A superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin. It is primarily limited to the bearded areas of the face and neck or around the scalp.

Hint 69

Superficial fungal

Front 70

Tinea Capitis

Back 70

A fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles.

Hint 70

Fungal infection

Front 71

Tinea Pedis

Back 71

A ringworm fungus of the foot.

Hint 71

Ringworm fungi

Front 72

Toxins

Back 72

Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).

Hint 72

Poisonous substances

Front 73

Tuberculocidal Disinfectants

Back 73

Disinfectants that kill the bacteria that causes tuberculosis.

Hint 73

Kills bacteria

Front 74

Tuberculosis

Back 74

A disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing.

Hint 74

Disease caused by bacteria

Front 75

Universal precautions

Back 75

A set of guidelines published by OSHA that require the employer and employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for Bloodborne pathogens.

Hint 75

Guidelines

Front 76

Virucidal

Back 76

Capable of destroying viruses.

Hint 76

Destroys viruses

Front 77

Virus (plural; viruses)

Back 77

A parasitic submicroscopic particles that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function.

Hint 77

Submicroscopic particles