Laboratory Values For Unit Ii

Front 1

WBC

Back 1

4,500 - 11,000
>11,000 - Acute Infection
<4,500 - Viral Infection

Front 2

RBC

Back 2

M - 4.2-5.4
F - 3.6-5.0
Low - Anemia, hemmorrhage leukemia
High - Polycythemia

Front 3

Hgb

Back 3

M - 14-17
F - 12-16
Low - Anemia, hyperthyroidism, liver, kidney disease
High - Burns, polycythemia, COPD, CHF

Front 4

HCT

Back 4

M - 42-52%
F - 36-48%
Low - Anemia, leukemia <20%-cardiac failure or death
High - >60% spontaneous clotting

Front 5

PLT

Back 5

140,000 - 400,000
Low - Bone marrow suppression, anemia & viral infections
High - Thrombocytopenia, RA, inflammation, infection and anemia

Front 6

Rational for CBC

Back 6

Baseline Assessment
Prognosis
Response to treatment
Recovery

Front 7

Serum Electrolyte Levels

Back 7

Detection of potential or actual imbalances

Front 8

Sodium (Na)

Back 8

135-145

Front 9

Potassium (K+)

Back 9

3.5-5.3

Front 10

Calcium (Ca)

Back 10

8.4-10.2

Front 11

Magnesium (Mg)

Back 11

1.8-2.4

Front 12

Phosphate (P)

Back 12

2.5-4.5

Front 13

Rationale for Urinalysis

Back 13

Baseline Assessment, Diagnose & monitor treatment of kidney and urinary tract infections, Diagnose and monitor treatment of metabolic diseases not related to urinary system

Front 14

Normal SG - Urinalysis

Back 14

1.015-1.025 specific gravity (SG)

Front 15

Normal pH - Urinalysis

Back 15

4.6-8.0

Front 16

Glucose present in Urine indicates:

Back 16

Diabetes, brain tumor or injury, MI, infection, lowered renal threshold

Front 17

Ketones present in Urine indicates:

Back 17

Diabetes, starvation, fasting, high fat or protein diet (Adkins), low carb diet, prolonged vomiting, prolonged exercise & stress

Front 18

Bilirubin present in Urine indicates:

Back 18

Hepatitis, liver disease, obstructive biliary tract, parenchymal injury

Front 19

Bacteria Present in Urine

Back 19

UTI

Front 20

WBC present in Urine

Back 20

Infection

Front 21

Urine Culture Rationale

Back 21

Prognosis, response to treatment and recovery

Front 22

Normal Urine Culture (Negative)

Back 22

<10,000 organisms/mL or urine

Front 23

Urine Culture (Positive)

Back 23

Bacterial count of >100,000 per mL of urine indicates infection -- E. coli, Enterococcus, Enterobacter, Lkebsiella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans

Front 24

Sputum Culture Rationale

Back 24

Diagnose disease of the lower respiratory tract
Determine antiobiotic or drug sensitivity
Determine course of treatment
Evaluate effectiveness of therapy

Front 25

CT scan - Rationale

Back 25

Evaluate trauma, Rule out pathologies, Cancer staging & treatment and Biopsy guidance

Front 26

CT with contrast always:

Back 26

Check for allergy to iodine

Front 27

Contraindications for CT

Back 27

Pregnancy, allergy to iodine, elevation of BUN or creatinine, or food or beverage intake within 4 hours of exam time.

Front 28

Rationale for CXR

Back 28

Evaluate pulmonary or cardiac disease and chest trauma, Determine locan of chest tubes, feeding tubes and subclavian catheters, Progression of TB, Post-bronchoscopy

Front 29

Electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG) - Rationale

Back 29

Identify heart rhythm disturbances, Diagnose disease, Evaluate pacemaker function, Determine response to cardiac drugs, Evaluate risk for arrhythmias post MI

Front 30

Rational for EEG

Back 30

Diagnose epilepsy, tumor, abscess, infarct, injury, hematoma, CVA, narcolepsy, tremor, Alzheimer's, Determine Brain Death

Front 31

Rationale for MRI

Back 31

Study blood flow, Evaluate disease

Front 32

Rationale for Ultrasound

Back 32

Diagnosis