Labor Relations And Collective Bargaining

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Labor Relations

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Any activity bw management and unions or employees concerning the negotiation of a collective bargaining agreement

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Collective Bargaining Agreement

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A written and signed document bw an employer and a labor org specifying the terms and conditions of employment

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Labor Unions

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An organization of workers dedicated to protecting their interests in the workplace and improving wages, hours, and working conditions

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Why join a union?

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Job security, wages and benefits, working conditions, fair supervision, need to belong, collective voice

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Molly Maguires

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A legendary group of union organizers who were blamed for multiple acts of murders, assaults, robberies, etc. They were either executed or sent to prison

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Haymarket Square Riot

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Took place in Chicago in 1886. Resulted in death of 4 people after confrontation with the police during strike.

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Knights of Labor

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First labor union to take on a big employer. Won over an 8 hour work day but numbers dropped dramatically when they were forced to go public.

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Pullman Strike, 1894

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Established the American Railway Union in 1893 and led a successful strike against the Southern and Northern Pacific Railroads

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Samuel Gompers

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Founded the American Federation of Labor (AFL). Focused on 8 hr days, prohibition of child labor, and worker's comp.

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Ludlow Massacre

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Miners were forced out of their company-owned houses. They created a tent colony that the government ordered a militia on. Killing 20 people total.

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Taft- Hartley Act

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Recognized worker's right not to organize, "closed shop" made unlawful, defined union unfair labor practices, and gave right to work laws

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Common-Wealth v. Hunt

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"landmark" legal decision. Ruled that unions were legal orgs and had a right to organize a strike

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Injuction

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An equitable remedy in the form of a court order, that prohibits any ind. or group from performing any act that violates the rights of other individuals

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National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)

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Oversees most labor relations activities in the private sector. Five members appointed by the President and confirmed by the senate. Serve for 5 years

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Landrum-Griffin Act

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Established a "Bill of Rights" for union members

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AFL-CIO

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The American Fed of Labor was a federation of unions made up of skilled workers formed by Samuel Gompers. The CIO was a federation of unions made up of industrial workers formed in 1935 by John Lewis. In 1955 the two combined.

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Strategic industry focus

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Unions focused on: Hospitality, health care, airline, casino, shipping, professional, immigrant

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Wagner Act

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The act was the first in history to give most private sector employees the right to organize into unions, the right to bargain collectively, defined unfair labor practices by employers, and created the NLRB.

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Guiding principles of "the Board"

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Encourage labor orgs and collective bargaining. Recognize majority representation.
Provide prompt administrative machinery.
Impose sanctions.

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Jurisdiction of the Board

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Represents everyone except farmers, independent contractors, employed by parents, gov employees, fed reserve bank, US gov

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Preemption

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Refers generally to the displacement of a lower jurisdiction's laws when they conflict with those of a higher jurisdiction

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Railway Labor Act

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Enacted to avoid interruptions of commerce by railroads and airlines.

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Davis-Bacon Act

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Standards for construction contractors with federal contracts. Applies to on-site laborers and mechanics

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Fair Labor Standards Act

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3 issues:
Minimum Wage-7.25/hr
Overtime Pay
Child labor provisions

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Overtime Compensation

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Pay must be 1 and 1/2 times the normal rate for work over 40 hrs. "Fair Pay" rules that workers earning less than $455/week are guaranteed overtime protection

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Child labor laws

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Ages 14 and younger cannot work.
Ages 14 and 15 can work:
3 hrs on school nights
18 hrs during school week

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Public Sector Consist of:

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Federal
State
Local

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The federal gov is made up of:

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Legislative
judicial
executive

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Congress

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The legislative branch, passes the laws

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Dual Sovereignty

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The sharing of governmental power between the federal and state governments

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Under the U.S. constitution

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All powers not granted to the federal government are reserved for the states

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Legislative Branch

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It's Bicameral. Made up of a senate and house of representatives

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Judicial Branch

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Headed by the supreme court who hears cases from lower state courts

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Municipal Corportation

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The legal term for a local gov.

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"Home Rule"

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A flexible grant of powers from the state to municipalities to determine their own goals without interference from the state legislature or agencies

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"Police Powers"

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The power to enact laws governing health, safety, morals, and general public welfare

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Private Sector

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Creator and protector of collective bargaining rights.
Largely shaped by market forces.

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Public Sector

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Handles collective bargaining as the employer.
Ultimately shaped by political forces.

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Public Sector 3 Categories:

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Associations
Public Sector- only unions
Mixed Unions

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"Spoils System"

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Caused turnover of government workers