Lab Values And Electrolytes

Front 1

Thrombocytes

Back 1

150,000-400,000
Monitor in CHEMOTHERAPY
(Platelets)

Front 2

Leukocytes

Back 2

4,500-11,000
Monitor for INFECTION
(WBC)

Front 3

Erthrocytes

Back 3

4-6.2 million
(RBC)

Front 4

Hemoglobin

Back 4

M: 14-16.5 g/dl
F: 12-15 g/dl

Front 5

Hematocrit

Back 5

M: 42-52%
F: 35-47%

Front 6

PT and INR

Back 6

PT >30 sec = bleeding precautions

Evaluates vit. K and intrinsic clotting factors

Diet high in leafy greens throws values off.

Oral anticoagulent maintains PT 1.5-2x control.

Front 7

PTT

Back 7

20-36 sec

Evaluates clotting
Apply direct pressure 3-5min
>90 sec, bleeding precautions

Front 8

Calcium

Back 8

8.7-10

Front 9

What does calcium do?

Back 9

Bone formation, nerve transmission, skeletal and heart contraction.

Too much - increases HR and BP, bounding full peripheral pulses, ineffective respiratory movement due to profound skeletal muscle weakness, hypoactive bowel

Too little - muscle cramps, increase bowel, decrease HR, BP

Front 10

Magnesium

Back 10

1.6-2.6

Front 11

What's Mg do?

Back 11

Lowers blood pressure and energy transfer

Too much - Lowers BP, HR respiration, skeltal muscle weakness

Too little - Raises BP, HR, respiration, twitches, hyperreflexia, positive Trousseaus and Chvostek sign

Front 12

Phosphorus

Back 12

2.7-4.5

Front 13

What's Ph do?

Back 13

Bone formation, energy storage

Too little - decrease cardiac, generalized weakness, bleeding, decrease bone density

Too much is generally tolerated well, but symptoms will be related to not enough calcium.

RELATED TO CALCIUM

Phosphorus sources are protein rich foods and whole grains

Front 14

Sodium

Back 14

135-145

Front 15

Na...
Too little and too much

Back 15

Too little - decrease urine specific gravity, increase urine output, hyperactive GI

Too much - thirst, increase urine specific gravity, decreased urine output

Front 16

Potassium

Back 16

3.5-5.1

Controls smooth and sketetal muscles
Nerve transmission

Front 17

Hypokalemia symptoms/ potassium food sources

Back 17

WEAKNESS - bowel, cardiac, reflexes

Potassium is found in meats, milk, fruits, and vegetables

Front 18

Hyperkalemia

Back 18

Tingling and burning followed by numbness in hands and mouth. Decreased cardiac and skeletal muscle and increased GI

Front 19

Watch for in chemo...

Back 19

Neutropenia...<1800

Front 20

CD4 count and relevance

Back 20

500-1600, HIV

Front 21

Hemoglobin A1C

Back 21

<8%

Front 22

Hemoglobin A1C indicates...

Back 22

diabetes control for last 3-4 months

Front 23

Urine pH

Back 23

4.5-7.8

Front 24

Urine specific gravity

Back 24

1.016-1.022

Front 25

Creatinine

Back 25

0.6-1.3

Front 26

What affects creatinine test?

Back 26

Excercise and red meat

Front 27

BUN

Back 27

8-25

Front 28

BUN and creatinine tell you about the...

Back 28

kidneys/renal system

Front 29

AST, ALT

Back 29

liver enzymes

Front 30

LDL

Back 30

<130

Front 31

HDL

Back 31

30-70

Front 32

What do you have to do before you get your cholesterol checked?

Back 32

Fast for 12-24 hr

Front 33

Troponin indicates

Back 33

MI

Front 34

Creatinine kinase reflects...

Back 34

cell trauma.

Front 35

CK-MB

Back 35

Heart. 0-5% of total

Front 36

CK-MM

Back 36

Muscle. 95-100% total

Front 37

CK-BB

Back 37

Brain. 0% of total.

Front 38

What causes false creatinine kinase?

Back 38

Excercise, alcohol, invasive procedures, IM...Anything that causes tissue trauma.

Front 39

Liver disease causes...

Back 39

clotting problems.