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43 Cards in this Set
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pH |
Measures % oh H+
Arterial: 7.35-7.45 Venous: 7.31-7.41 |
ABG |
|
PaCO2 |
Partial pressure of CO2 Respiratory component
35-45 mmHg |
ABG |
|
HCO3- |
Measures bicarbonate Metabolic component
21-28mEq/L |
ABG Chem 7 panel |
|
BE |
Base Excess Measurement of metabolic derangement
-2 to +3 mEq/L |
ABG |
|
PaO2 |
Partial pressure of O2
80-100 mmHg |
ABG |
|
Sao2 |
Measures % of potential O2 binding sites on Hgb that are occupied by O2 molecules
>93% |
ABG |
|
Ca++i |
Ionized Calcium
4.60-5.08 mg/dL |
Electrolyte |
|
Na+ |
Sodium
136-142 mEq/L
Low levels found in CHF, ARF, liver disease, or pts undergoing diuretic therapy |
Chem 7 Panel |
|
K+ |
Potassium
3.5-5 mEq/L
High levels seen in crush injuries, tissue necrosis, metabolic acidosis, and low excretions
Low levels seen in hypothermia, insulin administration |
Chem 7 panel |
|
Cl- |
Chloride
96-106mEq/L
Low levels seen in impending renal dysfunction, excess diuresis |
Chem 7 panel |
|
BUN |
Blood Urea Nitrogen
8-23 mg/dL
Test used to measure urea
High levels occur with decreased renal function, high protein diets, burn/crush injuries
Tends to elevate with age due to gradually declining renal function. |
Chem 7 panel |
|
Cr |
Creatinine
0.6-1.2 mg\dL
High levels seen in rhabdomyolosis and decreased renal function. |
Chem 7 panel |
|
Gluc |
Glucose
70-110 mg/dL
|
Chem 7 panel |
|
Hgb |
Hemoglobin
Male: 13.5-17.5 g/dL Female: 12.0-16.0 g/dL
Protein responsible for carrying O2 to cells
High levels result from dehydration, burns, or excessive vomiting
Low levels are typical of most anemias |
CBC |
|
Hct |
Hematocrit
41-50%
The % of formed elements in a venous blood sample
|
CBC |
|
RBC |
Red Blood Cell count
3.9-5.5 x10^6/μL
High levels indicate hemoconcentration
Low levels indicate anemia |
CBC |
|
WBC |
White blood cell count
4,500-11,000/μL
Low levels seen in certain anemias, vitamin deficiencies, and sepsis
High levels seen in infection, cancers, and vascular conditions (PE, AMI, DVT) |
CBC |
|
Plt Count |
Platelet count
150-350x10^3/μL
High levels seen in myeloproliferative disorders
Low levels indicate thrombocytopenia due to splenomegaly, DIC, or high levels of circulation platelet antibodies |
Blood component |
|
COHb |
Carboxyhemoglobin
<0.02(2%)
High levels indicate CO poisoning |
Blood component |
|
PT |
Prothrombin Time
10-13 seconds
High levels seen in liver disease or with warfarin therapy
Low levels seen in Vitamin K deficiency, DIC, and after massive transfusions |
Coagulation |
|
aPTT |
Activated partial thromboplastin time
25-40 seconds
High levels seen in hemophilia A, hemophilia B, vonWillebrands, and DIC |
Coagulation |
|
INR |
International Normalized Ratio
0.9-1.3
High ratios seen in some diseases such as PT elevation and pts receiving anticoagultion therapy |
Coagulation |
|
Ca++ |
Total Calcium
8.2-10.2 mg/dL
Low levels seen with renal insufficiency, hypomagnesia, hyperphosphatemia, massive blood transfusions, or low parathyroid hormone states |
Electrolyte |
|
ALT |
Alanine aminotransferase
10-40 U/L
|
Liver Enzyme |
|
AST:ALT |
Ratio
1:1
If AST:ALT IS <1 it is an acute injury
If AST:ALT is > 1 it is a chronic disorder |
Liver Enzyme |
|
Total Bilirubin |
0.3-1.2 mg/dL
High levels seen in pts with liver disease, biliary disease, and RBC hemolysis |
Protein |
|
Amylase |
27-131 U/L
High levels seen in pancreatic disease, bile duct obstruction, and head trauma |
Protein |
|
Lipase |
31-186 U/L
High levels seen with pancreatitis, pancreatic CA, and biliary disease/obstruction |
Protein |
|
AlkPhos |
Alkaline Phosphatase
30-120 U/L
|
Protein |
|
CK |
Creatine Kinase
CK: 40-150 U/L CK-MB: 0-7 ng/mL
CK-MB is in heart muscle High CK-MB levels > 12ng/mL indicate AMI |
Cardiac Enzyme |
|
AG |
Anion Gap
8-16 mEq/L
Determines relationship between Na+, Cl-, and HCO3- related to respiratory/kidney problems
High levels indicate unmeasured anions (lactic acid) are present |
Ratio |
|
Osmolality |
275-295 mOsm/kg
Measures free water
High levels indicate "dry" pt with low levels of free water
Low levels indicate fluid retention |
Etc |
|
EtOH |
Ethyl Alcohol
<20 mg/dL
|
Ethanol |
|
Mg+ |
Magnesium
1.3-2.1 mEq/L
High levels indicate renal defects, severe dehydration, untreated diabetic coma, and aspiration of sea water
Low levels seen in GI distress, N/V/D, hepatic cirrhosis, and pancreatitis |
Electrolyte |
|
cTnI |
Cardiac Troponin I
0-0.4 ng/mL
High levels indicate AMI |
Cardiac Enzyme |
|
Myoglobin |
19-92 μg/L
Elevated levels with chest pain warrant further investigation
Lower levels used to rule out AMIs |
Cardiac Enzyme |
|
CRP |
C- reactive protein
0.08-3.1 mg/L
Indicator of inflammation 4-6 hours after injury
Levels >10mg/L indicates significant inflammatory disease |
Liver Protein |
|
LDH |
Lactate Dehydrogenase
100-200U/L
|
Protein |
|
Lactate |
5.0-15 mg/dL
|
Protein |
|
Albumin |
3.5-5.0g/dL
Low levels indicate liver disease and high vascular permeability
High levels indicate dehydration |
Protein |
|
BNP |
B-type natriuretic peptide
<167pg/mL
Indicates abnormal ventricular function and CHF |
Protein |
|
AST |
Aspartate aminotransferase
10-30 U/L
High levels seen in liver damage especially with acute hepatitis or biliary tract obstruction |
Liver Enzyme |
|
BUN:Cr |
Blood Urea Nitrogen:Creatinine ratio
13:1 to 19:1
High ratio indicates dehydration, GI bleed, or elevated catabolism
Low ratio indicates acute tubular necrosis, low protein intake, and acute hemodialysis |
Chem 7 ratio |