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174 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the first priority when handeling infectious material?
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First Priority
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What is the first priority when handeling infectious material?
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Safety
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What is OSHA (NIOSH) mandated to do?
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Indentify cause of disease/injuries
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How often is the Code of Federal Regulations revised?
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Anually
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How many titles is the Code of Federal Regulations divided into?
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50
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Who publishes guidelines that most agencies have adopted?
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CDC Centers for disease control
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Applications of Universal precautions include what?
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Blood, tissue and semen
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What are regulated body fluids?
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Blood and blood components, pleural fluids, amniotic fluid, synovial fluids, CSF, semen and dialysate
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How often is segregated waste disposed of?
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after 90 days, when 3/4 full or if foul odor is detected.
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What is labeled on segregated waste?
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labeled with boihazard sign or red in color, name, address, phone # of originator and have opened and closed date.
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What should be marked on storage rooms?
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Biohazard and Authorized Personnel only.
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How many days is can you have biohazard in storage for?
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7 days
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When Ashore who does the command comply with in regards to disposal?
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Local, state, federal, status of forces agreement (SOFA).
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What should the monitoring system include?
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Date, time, amount, type and disposition.
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Criteria for overboard discharge?
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Endangers safety
Creates nuisance Compromises combat readiness |
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What conditions are needed for overboard discharge?
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CO's approval
Over 50 nautical miles from shore Properly packaged and negative buoyancy |
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Where are entries made afloat of overboard discharge?
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Ship's deck log
Medical Journal |
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What is indicated in the ships deck log and Medical journal
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date
time ship's location number of bags |
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How are unused medical supplies handeled?
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handeled stored and disposed of as infectious waste.
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In refference to unused medical supplies what is included?
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referring to blood products and reagents- anything that has a shelf life.
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What is microsampeling?
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a method of blood collection by skin puncture.
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When performing a capillary puncture where do you make your puncture?
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on the side of finger (off center) across the striations of the fingertip
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What will dilution of specimen and tissue fluid cause?
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inaccurate results
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HCT tubes should be filled how much?
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100% to 3/4 full
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Where should the touriquet be placed on patients arm?
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approx 2-3 inches above antecubital area
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What degree should the needle be when performing a venipuncture?
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15 degrees, bevel up.
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What anticoagulant is used when obtaining whole blood specimens?
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EDTA
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What color top is used for CBC and Differential WBC?
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Purple/lavender tops
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A powder anticoagulant is used in what color top tube?
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light blue
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What kind of studies are completed with the light blue tops?
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Coagulation studies:
PT PTT a chelating agent that binds calcium. |
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Heparin is used in what color top?
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green
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What local instruction does NSHS follow?
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NSHSSDIEGOINST 5100.1D (Safety manual)
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What does NSHSSDIEGOINST 5100.3B refer to?
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Blood Borne Exposure
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What state governing body does NMCSD follow?
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Cal-OSH
Public Health Department |
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What federal governing body does NMCSD follow?
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OSHA (NIOSH)
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What is the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)?
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Compendium of all federal laws.
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What governing body does the Navy follow?
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NAVOSH
BUMED |
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What is the BUMED 6280.1A?
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Management of Infectious Waste
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What responsibilities does BUMED have in reference to Infectious Waste?
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Dictates and approves contracts to discharge infectious waste.
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What does SOFA stand for?
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Status of Forces Agreement
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What is the purpose of infection control?
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Strategy to reduce the risk of disease transmission.
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What is PPE
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Personal Protective Equipment
which is specialized clothing or equipment worn by a person to protect against hazard. |
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What is non-infectious waste?
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medical waste not containing enough pathogens to be harmful
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What is infectious waste?
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liquid or solid waste with enough pathogens to cause disease.
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When obtaining a specimen with a capillary tube how should the fingertip be posistioned?
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horizontally
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What is the best method for collecting blood?
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venipuncture
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If using a blood pressure cuff in obtaining veins how high should you inflate the cuff?
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30 mm/Hg
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What special plasma studies are performed when using a green top?
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Ammonia
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) |
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What are red tops mainly used for?
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Chemistry
Serology Blood bank |
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Serum Seperator Tube (SST) Tiger Tops are used for?
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HIV
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Grey top is used for?
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glucose studies
Etho levels analysis Inhibits glycolysis |
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What anticoagulant is in the grey top?
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sodium fluoride
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What is a complication of a blood draw?
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Syncope
Infection Continued bleeding hematoma |
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The compound microscope has how many major systems?
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4
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Name the systems of the compound microscope.
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Framework
Illumination Magnification Adjustment |
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What is the purpose of the framework?
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Basic structure
Provides support for all other systems. Base |
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What does the Framework house?
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Power Switch
Illumination Controls Field Diaphragm |
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What is the purpose of the arm on the microscope?
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supports magnification and adjustment
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What is the purpose of the stage?
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Mechanical stage
moves specimen on XY axis (has spring loaded clips or calipers to secure specimen to the stage) |
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What is the purpose of the Illumination Sysytem?
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provides light
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What is the condenser?
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compact lens system
concentrates the light |
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What is the iris diaphragm?
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works like the iris of the eye.
Controls the amount of light |
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How many componenets are in the magnification system?
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4
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What is Low Power on the objective lens?
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10X (green)
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What is the High Power on the objective lens?
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40X (yellow)
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What is the Oil Immersion on the objective lens?
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100X (red or black)
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What is the course adjustment used for?
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initially focuses on specimen
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What is fine adjustment?
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the exact focus on specimen
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What power do you use course adjustment on?
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low power objective
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What in the lab is used as a germacide?
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Bleach solution
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Who are the state governing bodies?
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Cal Osh
Public Health Dept |
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Who are the federal governing bodies?
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OSHA
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What operates programs in every state to to improve health and safety of workers?
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NIOSH
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What is made up of a compendium of all federal laws?
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CFR (Code of Federal Regulations)
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What are the Navy governing bodies?
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NAVOSH and BUMED
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What is the BUMED instruction for management of infectious waste?
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BUMED 6280.1A
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What is used to reduce the risk of disease transmission?
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Infection Control
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What agency publishes guidelines for the wear of personal protective equipment?
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CDC
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Liquid or semi liquid blood, or contaminated items that would release blood or other infectious materials, items caked with blood, contaminated sharps, pathological or microbiological waste.
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Regulated Waste
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Where should you segregate waste?
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At point of origin
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Biohazards are emptied when or how often?
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daily
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Sharps containers must have what on it?
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open and close date
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How should a storage room used for biohazards be marked?
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Biohazard-Authorized Personnel only
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What is the max time biohazards can be stored?
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7 days
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Approved disinfectants are approved by who?
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EPA
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When was NIOSH established under OSHA?
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1970
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Regulated body fluids may be flushed in?
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hopper or toilet
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Properly packaged biohazard afloat must be weighted for?
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negative buoyancy
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Increased ATL (atypical lymphocytes) are associated with?
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mononucleosis
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What percentage of ATLS is considered abnormal?
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10%
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What is the normal count of platelets?
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150,000-450,000
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What is the lifespan of a thrombocyte?
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9-12 days
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How many fields do you count when doing a platelet estimation?
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5-10
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How do you calculate platelet estimation?
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Count # of platelets in 5-10 fields, multiply by 20,000
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What is an abnormal decrease in platelets?
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thrombocytopenia
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thrombocytopenic purpura, aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, Gaucher's disease, pernicious anemia and chemo radiation may cause?
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thrombocytopenia
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what is caused by increase in platelets?
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thrombocytosis
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What could ITP, splenectomy, and chronic myeloneous leukemia cause?
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thrombocytosis
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what appears as fine granules in RBC and is found in lead poisoning , alcoholism, megoblastic anemia?
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basophilic stippling
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What appears as iron deposits in iron stains, single or multiple granuals, rarely seen in Wright's Stain.
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pappenheimer bodies
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What nuclear fragment of DNA appears in hemolytic anemias, following a splenectomy, splenic atrophy, and megoblastic anemias?
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holly-jolly bodies
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What are of tetragon shaped and found in patients with HGB C and HGB SC disease?
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Hemaglobin C crystals
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What is a microtubule of miotic spindle that appears as threadlike filaments in the shape of a ring, rarely seen in pernicious anemia and lead poisoning and might indicate erythropoesis?
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Cabot Ring
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What test would you do if you were evaluating a pt with infection, neoplasm, allergy or immunosuppression?
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Peripheral blood stain
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The slide when doing a smear should look like what?
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blunt arrowhead with feathered edge
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The thick edge has an increase in smaller cells called?
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Rouleaux Formation
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Another name for eliptocyte?
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ovalcyte
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What is a normal colored RBC noted as?
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normachromic
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an increase in color?
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hyperchromic
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N/N means?
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normalchromic/normocytic (written as color/cell shape)
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What causes an increase or decrease in color or central palor of an RBC?
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relative amount of hemoglobin
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what is an abnormal variation in color , which usually appears blue?
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polychromasia
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what is the ph of distilled water
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6.0
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what is the decrease in color or increase in central pallor, which usually presents in iron deficiency?
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hypochromic
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what is the ratio of the volume of erythrocytes to that of whole blood?
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hematcrit
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what is the importance of the hematocrit
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test for anemia and bleeding disorders
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how many capillary tubes will you need and how much should you fill the tubes when performing a centrifugal microhematocrit?
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2 tubes and 3/4 full
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what angle do you hold the capillary tube ?
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horizontal
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how many minutes is the capillary tube centrifuged when doing a centrifuged microhematocrit
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5 min
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what is the revolution speed when doing a microhematocrit?
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14,500
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what type of capillary tube would you use when doing a compur M1100 microhematocrit
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microcapillary tube
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how much should you fill a microcapillary tube?
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100%
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what is the time and rpm for the compur M1100 microhematocrit test?
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3 min 20 sec; 11,500
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Normal hematocrit for Males?
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40-55%
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normal hematocrit for females?
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36-48%
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when should a microhematocrit be read?
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within 10 min
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identification in a blood smear is based on what?
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cell color and morphology
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what angle is the spreaded slide held when performing a blood smear?
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30-40 degrees
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what is the normal range for MONOS
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1-10%
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normal range for EOS
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0-4%
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normal range for baso?
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0-2%
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erythrocytes extude what when they mature?
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nucleus
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what is always 2 lobbed and the cytoplasm is granulated orange to pink in color?
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eosinophil
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what is normal rbc for females?
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3.6-5.6
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normal rbc for males?
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4.2-6.0
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morphology for normal in size and shape
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normocytica
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what is the abnormal variation in size?
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aniosocytosis
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what is an abnormally small rbc?
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microcytic
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what type of rbc is found in thalassemia, iron deficiency, and hemolytic anemias
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microcytic
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abnormally large rbc
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macrocytic
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what cell morphology is found in liver disease and megoblastic anemias (pernicious /b-12 anemia)
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macrocytes
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what is the variation in shape of an erythrocyte?
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poikilocytosis
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what is sickle or crescent shaped rbc found in anemias?
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drepanocytes
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what bullseye shaped rbc is often found in thalassemia?
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target cell
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normal range for EOS
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0-4%
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normal range for baso?
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0-2%
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erythrocytes extude what when they mature?
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nucleus
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what is always 2 lobbed and the cytoplasm is granulated orange to pink in color?
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eosinophil
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what is normal rbc for females?
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3.6-5.6
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normal rbc for males?
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4.2-6.0
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morphology for normal in size and shape
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normocytica
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what is the abnormal variation in size?
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aniosocytosis
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what is an abnormally small rbc?
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microcytic
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what type of rbc is found in thalassemia, iron deficiency, and hemolytic anemias
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microcytic
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abnormally large rbc
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macrocytic
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what cell morphology is found in liver disease and megoblastic anemias (pernicious /b-12 anemia)
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macrocytes
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what is the variation in shape of an erythrocyte?
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poikilocytosis
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what is sickle or crescent shaped rbc found in anemias?
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drepanocytes
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what bullseye shaped rbc is often found in thalassemia?
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target cell
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what is a round rbc known as hyperchromic or copper penny?
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spherocyte
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what is found in milofibrosis patients?
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tear drop rbc's
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what is a thorny shapped rbc?
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acanothocyte
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what is a fragment of an rbc?
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schistocyte
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what is a cigar shaped rbc?
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eliptocyte
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what is a spiky shapped rbc
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burr
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what is used to inhibit clotting enzyme thrombin by creating antithrombin?
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heparin
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what prevents conversion of prothrombin to thrombin?
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heparin
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what sites can you use for microsampleing on an adult?
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ring and greater finger
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what sites can you use for microsampeling in infants?
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heel and great toe
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if patient has a difficult vein what can be done to assist in venipuncture?
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massage arm in an upward motion, forcing blood in vein
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what anticoagulant is used in a light blue top?
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sodium citrate
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a lavender top may be refrigerated for how many hours?
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24
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PT & PTT are what type of studies?
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coagulation
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Wright stain is a combination of?
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acid and base dyes
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