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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 3 locations that kidney stones can get "hung up"
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1. Jxn of the renal pelvis and ureter (lumen narrows)
2. ureter crosses pelvic brim/common iliac vessels 3. wall of the bladder |
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What is a hiatal hernia?
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A displacement of stomach or weakness of lower esophageal sphincter
The stomach is often protruded through the esophageal hiatus (between the diaphragmatic crura) |
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What is the main symptom of a hiatal hernia?
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HEARTBURN.... not an issue unless long term can cause cancer
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Besides respiration, name 2 other functions of the thoracic diaphragm
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1. Creates thoracic and abdominal pressure gradients
2. Move venous and lymph fluid |
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OPP correlate: how do you correct tissue congestion caused by a restriction in the diaphragm?
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Myofascial release or muscle energy
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With development of the UG system, what does the intermediate mesoderm develop into?
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1. pronephros
2. mesonephros 3. metanephros |
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Which 2 structures disappear and which forms the majority of the urinary system?
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Pronephros and mesonephros disappear
Metanephros forms most of urinary system |
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The mesonephros produces the _______ and the bud grows into the _______ to form all the collecting structures
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uteric bud near the cloaca;metanephros
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Why do abberent vessels occur with the kidney?
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Because the kidney ascends superiorly, creating loose connections with the aorta
The superior connections usually disappear but can leave 1 or 2 abberent vessels |
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What tissues/embryologic structures form the diaphragm?
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Central portion: septum transversum (mesoderm)
Peripheral portion: muscle from the dorsal and lateral body wall that grows inward |
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What is the innervation of the diaphragm?
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Central: C 3,4,5 (phrenic n.)
Peripheral: inferior intercostal nerves |
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Define ampulla.
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Where an expanded tube narrows
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What does the Quadratus Lumborum m. connect?
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Lateral aspect of spine (transverse processes) ro the pelvis
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What is the function of Quadratus Lumborum?
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Unilateral contraction: sidebend
Bilateral contraction: spinal flexion |
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Describe the muscle of the thoracic diaphragm
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Fibers extend radially from the large central tendon to body wall
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Where are the diaphragmatic crura located?
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extend from posterior part of central tendon to the lumbar vertebrae
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What is the function of the thoracic diaphragm (and how it works)?
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Pulls the central tendon toward the body wall in all directions simultaneously
Flattens diaphragm pushes ab organs inferior to increase thoracic vol |
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Does the diaphragm interfere with the function of the quadratus lumborum and the psoas muscle? Why or why not?
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No, the diaphragm attaches via lateral/medial arcuate ligaments that pass around the muscles, so the diaphragm does not pull against them
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Describe the caval foramen
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surrounded by central tendon
prevents compression of inferior vena cava |
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Describe the aortic hiatus.
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Between two crura
contracts parallel to aorta so as not to compress it |
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Describe the Esophageal Hiatus.
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A space within the Right crus
fibers keep stomach contents out of esophagus |
