Lab: Objectives

Front 1

Cell

Back 1

the basic structural and fuctional unit of all living organisms

Front 2

Selectively permeable

Back 2

allows some substances to pass while excluding some

Front 3

Plasma membrane

Back 3

Encloses the cell contents. Mediates exchanges with extracellular environment and plays a role in cellular communication. Is made out of the phospholipid molecules that have a nonpolar and polar ends that make it possible for it to form.

Front 4

Nucleus

Back 4

The largest organelle. Surrounded by the nuclear envelope; contains nucleoli, chromatin and nucleoplasm

Front 5

Nuclear envelope

Back 5

Separates the nucleoplasm fron the cytoplasm and regulates passage of substances to and from the nucleus

Front 6

Cytoplasm

Back 6

Cellular region between the nuclear and plasma membrane. Consists of cytosol containing dissolved solutes, organelles and inclusions

Front 7

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Back 7

Sugar groups are attached to proteins within the cisternae. Proteins are bound in vesicles fro transport to Golgi apparatus and other sites. External face synthesizes phospholipids

Front 8

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Back 8

Site of lipid and steroid synthesis, Lipid metabolism, and drug detoxification

Front 9

Ribosome

Back 9

The sites for protein synthesis

Front 10

Mitochondrion

Back 10

Site of ATP synthesis; powerhouse of the cell

Front 11

Golgi apparatus

Back 11

Packages, Modifies and segregates proteins for secretion from the cell, inclusion in lysosomes and incorporation to the plasma membrane

Front 12

Vesicles (secretory granules)

Back 12

Small transporting containers

Front 13

Lysosome

Back 13

Sites of intracellular digestion

Front 14

Centrioles

Back 14

Organize a microtubule network during mitosis to form the spindle and asters. Form the basis of cilia and flagella.

Front 15

Centrosome matrix

Back 15

A small region of cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus that contains the centrioles and serves to organize microtubules.

Front 16

Microtubules

Back 16

Support the cell and give it shape. Involved in intracellular and cellular movements. Forms centrioles, celia and flagell, if present.

Front 17

Microfilaments

Back 17

The stabel cytoskeletal elements;resists mechanical forcies acting on the cell.

Front 18

Cilia

Back 18

Coordinated movement creates a unidirectional current that propels substances accross the cel surfaces.

Front 19

Falgella

Back 19

Propel the cell.

Front 20

Microvilli

Back 20

Increase surface area for absorbtion.

Front 21

3 basic differences between animal and plant cells?

Back 21

Chloroplasts
Central vacuole
Cell wall

Front 22

Prokaryote and eukarote

Back 22

Prokaryotes lack the nucleus. eukaryotes contain nucleus containing the genetic material.

Front 23

G1 phase

Back 23

The centrioles begin replicationg

Front 24

S Phase

Back 24

DNA is replicated

Front 25

G2 phase

Back 25

Final preparations for mitosis are completed and centrioles finish replicating.

Front 26

Visceral Plurae

Back 26

Right Lung

Front 27

Parietal Plurae

Back 27

Left Lung

Front 28

Parietal pericardium

Back 28

Parietal pericardium: The outer layer of the pericardium which is a conical sac of fibrous tissue that surrounds the heart and the roots of the great blood vessels.

Front 29

Epicardium (visceral pericardium)

Back 29

The epicardium is the outer layer of the wall of the heart. It consists of connective tissue covered by epithelium.

Front 30

Mesentery

Back 30

Double-layered extensions of the peritoneum that support most organs in the abdominal cavity

Front 31

Parietal peritoneum

Back 31

The oart of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal wall

Front 32

Visceral peritoneum

Back 32

the part of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal viscera

Front 33

Serous membrane

Back 33

The moist membrane found in closed ventral body cavities

Front 34

Serous fluid

Back 34

Clear, watery fluid ecreted by cells of serous membrane. It allows the organs to slide without friction across the cavity walls and one another as they carry out their routine functions

Front 35

Passive transport

Back 35

Membrane transport process that does not require cellular energy

Front 36

Active transport

Back 36

Cellular energy is needed. Ex. endocytosis

Front 37

Osmosis

Back 37

Diffusion of a solvent thru a membrane from a dilute solution into a more concentrated one.

Front 38

Diffusion

Back 38

The spreading of particles in a gas or solution with a movement toward a uniform distribution of particles, driven by kinetic energy.

Front 39

Cells in isotonic solutions

Back 39

Cells retain their normal size and shape

Front 40

Cells in hypertonic solutions

Back 40

Cells lose water by osmosis adn shrink

Front 41

Cells in hypotonic solutions

Back 41

Cells take on water by osmosis until they come bloated and burst