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182 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the most common entity of life |
Bacteriophage |
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What is the name of the family of enzymes which damage bacterial cell walls but catalyzing hydrolysis? |
Lysozyme |
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Where is lysozyme found |
Secretions such as tears, saliva, human milk, and mucus. Also found in egg whites |
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Which type of bacteria are more sensitive to lysozyme? Gram-positive or gram-negative? |
Gram-positive. |
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Why are Graham negative bacteria less susceptible to lysozyme? |
Gram-negative bacterial outer membranes prevent lysozyme from reaching the peptidoglycan layer. |
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What Graham positive bacteria is an exception to the rule with regards to lysozyme? |
Staphylococcus areus |
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What is it about Staphylococcus aureus that makes it less susceptible to lysosome? |
Tico a gas it in the cell wall which is known to limit the action of autolysins |
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Why are serological test performed? |
To determine the presence of a particular antigen. |
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What is a reagent? |
A substance which contains a particular anti-body which, when added to a specimen, will cause a reaction if the antigen is present. |
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What type of reaction can occur in a serological test |
Formation of a precipitate or sickening, also clumping. |
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What does the catalase test differentiate between? |
Gram-positive families of streptococcus is staphylococcus |
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Will streptococcus be catalase positive or negative? |
Negative |
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Will staphylococcus be positive or negative for catalase? |
Positive |
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Will the Bacillus cereals Big catalase positive or negative? |
Will the Bacillus cereals Big catalase positive or negative? |
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How can you tell if a catalase test is positive or negative? |
Positive will have bubbles; negative will have no bubbles |
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What does catalase break down? |
Hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen |
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What is an oxidase test used for? |
Differentiates bacteria based on the presence of enzyme cytochrome C oxidase. Good test to differentiate between gram-negative families of Enterobacter and Pseudomonas |
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What is MSA agar inhibitory to, and why. |
Gram-negative rods and other bacteria due to its high salt content |
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What does MSA select for? Differentiate for? |
Selects for staphylococcus species; differentiates staphylococcus based on the organisms ability to ferment mannitol |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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What is the sole source of carbon in a Simmons citrate auger slant? |
Sodium citrate |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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What is the sole source of carbon in a Simmons citrate auger slant? |
Sodium citrate |
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What is the pH indicator in a Simmons citrate Agar test |
Bromthymol blue |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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What is the sole source of carbon in a Simmons citrate auger slant? |
Sodium citrate |
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What is the pH indicator in a Simmons citrate Agar test |
Bromthymol blue |
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What test tests for the production of the enzyme lysine decarboxylase? |
Lysine decarboxylase broth test |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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What is the sole source of carbon in a Simmons citrate auger slant? |
Sodium citrate |
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What is the pH indicator in a Simmons citrate Agar test |
Bromthymol blue |
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What test tests for the production of the enzyme lysine decarboxylase? |
Lysine decarboxylase broth test |
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What is a positive result for a lysine test? |
Purple with turbidity |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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What is the sole source of carbon in a Simmons citrate auger slant? |
Sodium citrate |
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What is the pH indicator in a Simmons citrate Agar test |
Bromthymol blue |
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What test tests for the production of the enzyme lysine decarboxylase? |
Lysine decarboxylase broth test |
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What is a positive result for a lysine test? |
Purple with turbidity |
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What is the pH indicator for lysine test? |
bromcresol purple |
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In MSA auger, what result indicates a mannitol fermentor? |
The medium changes from pink to yellow due to the lowering of the pH |
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Why will E. coli not grow on an MSA auger? |
Because it is a gram-negative bacteria. |
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What is the sole source of carbon in a Simmons citrate auger slant? |
Sodium citrate |
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What is the pH indicator in a Simmons citrate Agar test |
Bromthymol blue |
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What test tests for the production of the enzyme lysine decarboxylase? |
Lysine decarboxylase broth test |
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What is a positive result for a lysine test? |
Purple with turbidity |
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What is the pH indicator for lysine test? |
bromcresol purple |
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What gram-positive cocci is often seen as lancet-shaped? |
Enterococcus species |
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What gram-positive cocci is often seen as lancet-shaped? |
Enterococcus species |
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For hemolytic characterization, what type of plate is used? |
TSA plates with 5% sheep blood |
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What gram-positive cocci is often seen as lancet-shaped? |
Enterococcus species |
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For hemolytic characterization, what type of plate is used? |
TSA plates with 5% sheep blood |
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What is the name of the hemolysins produced by S. pyogenes which is inactivated by oxygen? |
Streptolysin O |
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What do streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes have in common? |
They are both fastidious |
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What do streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes have in common? |
They are both fastidious |
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What is incomplete hemolysis or greening of the media called, and what bacteria does it represent? |
Alpha; S. Pneumoniae |
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What do streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes have in common? |
They are both fastidious |
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What is incomplete hemolysis or greening of the media called, and what bacteria does it represent? |
Alpha; S. Pneumoniae |
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What type is complete hemolysis or clearing of the media known as? |
Beta |
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What do streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes have in common? |
They are both fastidious |
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What is incomplete hemolysis or greening of the media called, and what bacteria does it represent? |
Alpha; S. Pneumoniae |
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What type is complete hemolysis or clearing of the media known as? |
Beta |
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What test is used to differentiate between streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococcus species? |
Optochin susceptibility |
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What do streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus pyogenes have in common? |
They are both fastidious |
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What is incomplete hemolysis or greening of the media called, and what bacteria does it represent? |
Alpha; S. Pneumoniae |
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What type is complete hemolysis or clearing of the media known as? |
Beta |
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What test is used to differentiate between streptococcus pneumoniae and other streptococcus species? |
Optochin susceptibility |
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What organism is a Bacitracin susceptibility test differential for? |
A. pyogenes |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the key test for identification of enterococcus species? |
Bile esculin agar test |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the key test for identification of enterococcus species? |
Bile esculin agar test |
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What is the selective agent for the bio esculin agar test |
Oxgall |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the key test for identification of enterococcus species? |
Bile esculin agar test |
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What is the selective agent for the bio esculin agar test |
Oxgall |
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What is a positive interpretation for the bow esculin agar test? |
Blackening |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the key test for identification of enterococcus species? |
Bile esculin agar test |
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What is the selective agent for the bio esculin agar test |
Oxgall |
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What is a positive interpretation for the bow esculin agar test? |
Blackening |
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What are Lancefield groups? |
Groups of streptococci which princess specific carbohydrate antigens, most of which are pathogenic. |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the key test for identification of enterococcus species? |
Bile esculin agar test |
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What is the selective agent for the bio esculin agar test |
Oxgall |
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What is a positive interpretation for the bow esculin agar test? |
Blackening |
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What are Lancefield groups? |
Groups of streptococci which princess specific carbohydrate antigens, most of which are pathogenic. |
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What will a positive Strip a dipstick test show? |
A pink and blue band |
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What is the differential test for Streptococcus agalactiae |
CAMP |
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What will a negative strep a dipstick test show? |
Just a blue band |
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What organism was the guest star in the camp test? |
Staphylococcus aureus |
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What observation demonstrates a positive result in a camp test? |
S. agalactiae Will form and arrowhead shape clearing ad it's juncture with the Staph streak |
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What is the purpose of a bile esculin agar test |
Differentiates intro caucus and group D streptococcus from other streptococcus species by its ability to hydrolyze esculin |
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What type of media is bile esculin? |
Selective and differential |
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What is the key test for identification of enterococcus species? |
Bile esculin agar test |
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What is the selective agent for the bio esculin agar test |
Oxgall |
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What is a positive interpretation for the bow esculin agar test? |
Blackening |
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What are Lancefield groups? |
Groups of streptococci which princess specific carbohydrate antigens, most of which are pathogenic. |
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What will a positive Strip a dipstick test show? |
A pink and blue band |
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What Oregon is him species ferment mannitol? |
Staphylococcus |
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What indicates a positive result for staphylococcus using and MSA? |
Yellow colony or yellow area around the colony |
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What is the key differential test for identification of Staphylococcus aureus? |
Tube coagulase |
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What is the key differential test for identification of Staphylococcus aureus? |
Tube coagulase |
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What is a positive result in a tube coagulase test? |
Coagulation of the plasma (clot formation) |
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What is the key differential test for staff saprophyticus |
Novobiocin inhibition test |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What is the cause of hemorrhagic colitis? |
E. coli 0157:H7 |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What is the cause of hemorrhagic colitis? |
E. coli 0157:H7 |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 not have that other E. coli strains do have? |
Sorbitol |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What is the cause of hemorrhagic colitis? |
E. coli 0157:H7 |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 not have that other E. coli strains do have? |
Sorbitol |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 produce? |
Verocytotoxin |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What is the cause of hemorrhagic colitis? |
E. coli 0157:H7 |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 not have that other E. coli strains do have? |
Sorbitol |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 produce? |
Verocytotoxin |
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What is the Enterotube II? |
Hey miniaturized multitest system for rapid identification of intro bacteria which incorporates 12 different media and 15 bio chemical tests in a single test. |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What is the cause of hemorrhagic colitis? |
E. coli 0157:H7 |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 not have that other E. coli strains do have? |
Sorbitol |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 produce? |
Verocytotoxin |
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What is the Enterotube II? |
Hey miniaturized multitest system for rapid identification of intro bacteria which incorporates 12 different media and 15 bio chemical tests in a single test. |
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What bacteria is known to produce pyocyanin? |
pseudomonas aeruginosa |
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What zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility in a novobiocin inhibition test? |
Greater than or equal to 17 mm |
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What type of media is chromagar? |
Orientation media; commonly use for urinary tract infections |
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What is the cause of hemorrhagic colitis? |
E. coli 0157:H7 |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 not have that other E. coli strains do have? |
Sorbitol |
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What does E. coli 0157:H7 produce? |
Verocytotoxin |
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What is the Enterotube II? |
Hey miniaturized multitest system for rapid identification of intro bacteria which incorporates 12 different media and 15 bio chemical tests in a single test. |
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What bacteria is known to produce pyocyanin, which is an absolute diagnostic characteristic? |
pseudomonas aeruginosa |
