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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is mitosis |
Separating two identical sets of chromosomes into two different nuclei. this gives us two nuclei that are identical to the one we started with. If we started with a haploid nucleus we will have two haploid nuclei if we started with a diploid nucleus will have two diploid nuclei |
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What is meiosis |
Reducing chromosome number by a half after separation of homologous pairs into separate nuclei going from diploid to haploid |
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Cytokinesis |
Division of the cytoplasm |
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Schizogony |
Method of asexual reproduction found in certain types of protozoans. Involve multiple rounds of mitosis without cytokinesis, followed by cytokinesis. The multiple mitoses form a multinucleate schizont. The schizont undergoes cytokinesis forming merozoites which are a nucleus with a little bit of cytoplasm around them |
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Where are protozia distributed through out? |
They are found in aquatic habitats, moist soil, moist tissues of a host, and often seen as plankton |
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What are the two classes that plankton can be divided into |
Zooplankton and phytoplankton based on whether they do or do not photosynthesize. Primarily algae in phytoplankton |
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What is the morphology of a protozoa |
Usually unicellular but can be very complex cells, alot of differences in size and shape |
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What is a vegetated cell? |
A trophozoite, the active feeding form of a protozoan |
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What is the resting stage for a protozoan? |
When they form a cyst |
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What is a protozoas nutrition |
Most are chemoheterotrophs |
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What is a definitive host |
Sexual reproduction of the parasite takes place |
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What is an intermediate host |
Asexual reproduction of the parasite takes place |
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Kingdom parabasala |
Have no mitochondria, have a single diploid nucleus, parabasal body which is similar to a Golgi body. This group includes Trychonympha and trichomonas which causes vaginal infections and is sexually transmitted |
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Kingdom diplomonadida |
Diplomonads, includes several medically important genera such as Giardia. Very primitive, do not have mitochondria, have mitosomes and mitochondrial genes in their chromosomes, have two haploid nuclei and multiple flagella |
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Kingdom euglenozoa (eugenids) |
Unicellular, commonly found in fresh water systems. Some photosynthesize if light is present, no cell wall, flexible protein layer in their plasma membrane called a pellicle. They have flagella, reproduce through asexual reproduction, have chlorophyll A & B, store carbohydrates as a substance called paramylon, divide by mitosis. Major genus in this group is Euglena |
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Kinetoplastids |
Named for single large mitochondrion in the cell, mitochondria has an area of mDMA called the kinetoplast that gives them their name. This group includes several important pathogens like leishmania and trypanosoma. Some of these pathogens are transmitted through insect bites infect the blood. Specifically called the hemoflagellates. The pathogenic organisms are not photosynthetic |
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Kingdom alveolates |
Have vesicles called alveoli just under their plasma membranes. This group contains two phyla of protozoans, ciliophora and apicomplexa. One subphylun of algae called dinoflagellata. All 3 subphyla contain pathogens |
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Ciliophora ( ciliates) |
Very diverse, most are unicellular live in freshwater, cilia may be over entire surface of organism or clustered in rows of tufts , some have cilia bonded together, serve as legs or locomotor membranes |
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Macronucleus in ciliophora |
Macronucleus has more than 50 copies of the genome, controls the day-to-day functioning of the organism |
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Micronuclei in ciliophora |
1 to 80 per organism depending on species, used during conjugation to pass genetic information between individuals. Asexual reproduction by fission, sexual reproduction through conjugation Includes balantidium coli |
