Lab 9 - Fishes

Front 1

fecundity

Back 1

inverse relationship between amount of parental care given and number of eggs produced by female

Front 2

Oviparous

Back 2

release unfertilized eggs and have fertlization and development outside female's body; nourishment for developing embryo comes from yolk sac within the egg

Front 3

Ovoviviparous

Back 3

internally fertilized eggs develop within mother's reproductive tract; egg relies entirely on supply of yolk; eggs are unshelled

Front 4

Viviparous

Back 4

embryo hatches within mother's womb or else develops a placenta connecting it to the mother; relies on mother for nourishment; fully developed young released at birth

Front 5

Sexual dimorphism

Back 5

distinct physical differences between the sexes

Front 6

Gonopodium

Back 6

modified anal fin used in reproduction to form a tube through which sperm are transferred to the female

Front 7

Annuli

Back 7

growth rings on the scale

Front 8

Ctenii

Back 8

comb-like teeth on the posterior edge of the scale

Front 9

Opercula

Back 9

gill covers; protection for the respiratory structures underneath; forces water over gills

Front 10

Lateral line

Back 10

row of scales with small holes; allows fish to detect disturbances in the water, locate prey and predators

Front 11

Neuromasts

Back 11

sensory organs within the water-filled canal connected to the lateral line; balance and equilibrium

Front 12

Cupula

Back 12

holds hair cells or neuromasts; extend into lateral line canal and bend with water disturbances

Front 13

Myomeres

Back 13

vertical segments of muscle

Front 14

Myocommata

Back 14

sheets of connective tissue running between myomeres to which they attach

Front 15

Haemal spine

Back 15

supports muscles

Front 16

Liver

Back 16

stores glycogen

Front 17

Gall bladder

Back 17

releases bile into the intestine which aids in the digestion of fats

Front 18

Pyloric Caeca

Back 18

3 short finger-like projections that aid in digestion by secreting enzymes and assist the intestine in nutrient absorption

Front 19

Mesentary

Back 19

thin connective tissue that holds the internal organs together in the body cavity

Front 20

Spleen

Back 20

reservoir for blood and assists in destruction of red blood cells

Front 21

Air bladder

Back 21

used to make changes in buoyancy

Front 22

Kidney

Back 22

filters out metabolic wastes from blood and excretes them in urine

Front 23

Urinary bladder

Back 23

expels wastes to the external environment through urinary pore

Front 24

Atrium

Back 24

receives blood from sinus venosus

Front 25

Ventricle

Back 25

pumps blood out via the bulbus arteriorsus

Front 26

Sinus Venosus

Back 26

receives blood returning from the body via the right and left common cardinal veins

Front 27

Atrioventricular valve

Back 27

prevents back flow when ventricle contracts

Front 28

Ventral aorta

Back 28

receives blood from the bulbus arteriosus

Front 29

Common cardinal veins

Back 29

carry deoxygenated blood back to heart

Front 30

Single cycle

Back 30

blood is pumped from the heart to the respiratory apparatus (gills) and then to the body tissues from which it returns to the heart

Front 31

Otoliths

Back 31

structures within the inner ear encased in fluid-filled sacs which vibrate from sound waves

Front 32

Semicircular canals

Back 32

aid in balance and orientation to gravity

Front 33

Optic lobes

Back 33

assists in visual perception

Front 34

Olfactory lobes

Back 34

assists in olfaction

Front 35

Auricular lobes

Back 35

assists in hearing

Front 36

Saccule

Back 36

large sac near semicircular canals containing the otolith