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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Shell
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composed of calcium carbonate and proteins secreted from mantle
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Operculum (snail)
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hard disk on dorsal surface of foot acting as a lid to seal the snail within its shell
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Function of mucus produced by foot (snail)
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1) reduce water loss
2) allow strong adhesion to substrate 3) form egg cases produced after fertilization |
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Tentacles (snails)
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consist of chemoreceptors used in olfaction
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Inferior tentacles
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used to detect chemicals on the ground
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Superior tentacles
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used to detect airborne chemicals
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Monotaxic
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wave of contractions extend across width of foot
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Ditaxic
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wave of contractions alternate between right and left sides
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Direct waves
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waves move in same direction of locomotion
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Retrograde waves
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waves move in opposite direction of locomotion
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Taxis
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movement in a particular direction from a stimulus
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Phototaxis
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movement relative to light
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Geotaxis
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movement relative to gravity
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Chemotaxis
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movement relative to a chemical source
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Pneumostome
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pore allowing passage of gases during respiration
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Cephalization
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sense and control organs focused at the anterior end
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Carapace
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fused dorsal shield
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Cervical groove
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divides head and thorax on crayfish
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Cephalothorax
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head and thorax regions
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Rostrum
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dorsal shield separating compound eyes
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Homologous
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similar in embryonic origin and structural relationships but may differ in appearance
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Serial homology
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similar structures in different segments perhaps having different functions
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Antennules
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filaments for touch, taste and equilibrium
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Antennae
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filaments for touch and taste
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Statocysts
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balancing organs at the base of antennules
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Nephridiopore
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excretory pore at the base of antennae
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Mandibles
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jaws for crushing and chewing food
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Maxillae
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handle food and deliver it to the mandibles
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Gill bailer
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covers the opening to the gill chamber and keeps water flowing forward over the gills; located on the posterior maxilla
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Maxillipeds
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touch, taste, and food handling
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Cheliped
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first walking leg; defense, food capture and handling
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2nd walking leg
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walking and grasping
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3rd walking leg
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walking and grasping; female genital pore at base
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4th walking leg
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walking; between 4th and 5th: seminal receptacle where mate's sperm is stored
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5th walking leg
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walking; male genital pore at base
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1st swimmeret (male)
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transfer sperm to female
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1st swimmeret (female)
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no function
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2nd swimmeret (male)
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transfer sperm to female; water circulation
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2nd swimmeret (female)
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carry eggs; water circulation
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3rd swimmeret (male)
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water circulation
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3rd swimmeret (female)
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water circulation; carry eggs
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4th swimmeret (male)
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water circulation
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4th swimmeret (female)
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carry eggs; water circulation
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5th swimmeret (male)
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water circulation
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5th swimmeret (female)
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carry eggs; water circulation
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Uropods
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6th pair of appendages on abdomen; used for backward swimming
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Hemocoel
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blood-filled cavity
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Hemocyanin
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oxygen-carrying pigment of blood plasma; contains copper
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Digestive glands
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further enzymatic digestion and absorption of nutrients
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Cardiac stomach
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lined with chitinous teeth (gastric mill); food is pulverized, strained, and sorted; initial enzymatic digestion
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Pyloric stomach
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indigestible food material is separated and sent to intestine; digestable sent to digestive glands
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Intestine
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waste food materials are passed through and voided through anus
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Seminal ducts
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carry sperm from testes to genital pores
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Oviducts
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lead from ovaries to genital pores
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Statoliths
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sand grains inside statocysts used for balance and equilibrium
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Green glands
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remove unwanted substances from the blood and excrete wastes through nephridiopores
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Abdominal extensor muscles
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straighten abdominal region
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Abdominal flexor muscles
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flex or curl abdominal region
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