Lab 5: Seed Plants

Front 1

androecium

Back 1

The stamens together form the androecium. Androecium = “house of the
male”.

Front 2

angiosperm

Back 2

Flowering, fruit-bearing plants that produce seeds that are enclosed in an ovary.
Angiosperm = “vessel seed”.

Front 3

anther

Back 3

Part of the stamen, the anther sits atop the filament and contains the
microsporangia.

Front 4

calyx

Back 4

The sepals together form the calyx.

Front 5

carpel

Back 5

Collective term for the stigma, the style and the ovary. The basic unit of the
female reproductive parts of an angiosperm plant.

Front 6

conifer

Back 6

Gymnosperms that bear male and female reproductive parts in cones, and
have needle-like, waxy leaves.

Front 7

corolla

Back 7

The petals together form the corolla.

Front 8

cuticle

Back 8

A waxy layer that covers the surface of leaves, stems etc. that helps limit water
loss.

Front 9

cycad

Back 9

A group of gymnosperms that superficially resemble palms. Ex.: Zamia.

Front 10

deciduous

Back 10

Structures that fall off or are shed at specific times or the year or specific growth
stages.

Front 11

dioecious

Back 11

Plants in which the male reproductive structures and female reproductive
structures are borne on separate plants.

Front 12

fertile structures

Back 12

The sexual organs of the plant. The male components are collectively called the
androecium and the female components are collectively called the
gynoecium.

Front 13

filament

Back 13

The part of the stamen that supports the anther.

Front 14

frugivore

Back 14

An animal that eats fruit and thus disperses seed(s).

Front 15

fruit

Back 15

The ripened ovary of a flowering plant.

Front 16

Ginkgo biloba

Back 16

A deciduous, dioecious broad-leaf gymnosperm; the only species in the
genus.

Front 17

gymnosperm

Back 17

Plants that produce seeds on the surface of modified leaves (gymnosperm =
“naked seed”). Modern gymnosperms include the cycads, ginkgo, gnetophytes
and conifers.

Front 18

gynoecium

Back 18

The pistils together form the gynoecium. Gynoecium = “house of the female”.

Front 19

hydrophyte

Back 19

A plant adapted to wet conditions. They are characterized by having leaves with
thin cuticles, air spaces in the leaves and many stomata.

Front 20

imperfect flower

Back 20

A flower that contains either male parts or female parts, but not both.

Front 21

inflorescence

Back 21

The arrangement of flowers in a group on a plant (e.g. a cluster of small lilac
flowers is an inflorescence).

Front 22

integument

Back 22

The outer layers of cells of the ovule, which derive from tissue from the mother
plant. The integument forms part of the seed coat.

Front 23

lower epidermis

Back 23

Outermost layer on the bottom of a leaf. Usually contains stomata.

Front 24

mesophyte

Back 24

A plant adapted to moderate water condition

Front 25

monoecious

Back 25

Plants in which the male reproductive structures and female reproductive
structures are borne on the same plant.

Front 26

nectary

Back 26

A part of a flower that contains a nutritive reward (nectar) to attract an animal
pollinator.

Front 27

ovary

Back 27

is the part of the pistil which contains ovules.

Front 28

ovulate

Back 28

Ovule-producing.

Front 29

ovule

Back 29

In an angiosperms, the organ that contains the female gametophyte, and within
it, the egg cell.

Front 30

palisade parenchyma

Back 30

In a leaf, an inner layer of long, narrow cells tightly packed and containing
numerous chloroplasts.

Front 31

perfect flower

Back 31

A flower containing both male and female structures.

Front 32

perianth

Back 32

The sepals and petals together.

Front 33

petals

Back 33

Modified leaves, often brightly coloured, that have evolved to attract pollinators.

Front 34

pistil

Back 34

A single carpel or carpels fused together form the pistil. Pistils collectively form
the gynoecium.

Front 35

pollen

Back 35

The male gametophyte in seed plants.

Front 36

pollinator syndrome

Back 36

The particular flower morphology associated with a type of animal pollinator.

Front 37

seed

Back 37

An embryonic plant enclosed in a covering called the seed coat along with
nutritive tissue. Adapted to withstand dry conditions, often for extended periods.

Front 38

seed-fern

Back 38

An extinct group of seed plants superficially resembling ferns.

Front 39

sepal

Back 39

One of the sterile structures of a flower. Typically are green and lie beneath
the petals. Collectively, sepals form the calyx.

Front 40

spongy parenchyma

Back 40

An inner layer of a lead, composed of lobed cells with large air spaces. This layer
contains some chloroplasts but it is not an important photosynthetic tissue.

Front 41

stamen

Back 41

The male sexual organ in a flowering plant. Composed of the filament and the
anther. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium.

Front 42

staminate

Back 42

Pollen-producing.

Front 43

sterile structures

Back 43

Part of the flower. Include the sepals (collectively the calyx) and the petals
(collectively the corolla).

Front 44

stigma

Back 44

The pollen receptor at the top of the pistil.

Front 45

style

Back 45

Part of the carpel. A long tube-like structure leading from the stigma to the
ovary.

Front 46

succulent

Back 46

A plant that stores water in its tissues (e.g., a cactus).

Front 47

upper epidermis

Back 47

Part of the structure of a leaf; a single layer of cells with a cuticle on the outer
wall.

Front 48

xerophyte

Back 48

Plant adapted to dry conditions. Often has succulent leaves and/or sunken
stomata.

Front 49

Yucca

Back 49

A xerophyte plant.

Front 50

Zamia

Back 50

A dioecious genus of cycad that harbours photosynthetic cyanobacteria, which
help fix nitrogen.