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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What does physical control in a lab test involve?
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Physical control involves the reduction in numbers or the total elimination of potentially pathogenic microorganisms from the environment.
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to avoid disease infestation..
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What is Disinfection?
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the killing or removal of all pathogens from an object, thus rendering it safe for handling, although it is not sterilized.
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definition in a lab
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What is Sterilization?
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The killing or removal of all living things from an object or substance.
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Definition
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What are the eight possible ways to physically control a lab?
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Heat
High Osmotic Pressure Centrifugation Radiation Mechanical Removal Filtration Low Temperatures Drying |
HCRMDLFH
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What is an Antiseptic?
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An agent that disinfects animate objects.
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What is a Disinfectant?
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An agent that disinfects inanimate objects.
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What is a bactericide?
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An agent that kills bacteria
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What is a viricide?
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An agent that kills viruses
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What is a fungicide?
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An agent that kills fungus
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What is a germicide?
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A general term for an agent that kills microorganisms
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What is a bacteriostatic agent?
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It inhibits the growth of bacteria, but does not kill them.
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Example: refrigerators and freezers.
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To choose an appropriate sterilizing or disinfecting agent what 4 things should you consider?
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-The type of organism to be controlled
-The degree of hydration of the cells -The substrate -The environment(Ph, temperature,extraneous organic material) |
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What is pasteurization?
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The destruction of pathogenic microorganisms by heating at 62.8º C for 30 minutes,
or 71.7º C for 15 seconds, or 100º C for 0.01 seconds |
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What is it to Autoclave?
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Moist heat of 121 C under 15 pounds of pressure for 20 minutes will sterilize. This method kills by coagulating cellular proteins and enzymes.
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What is it to Fractional sterilize? (Tyndallization)
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Involves heating at 50-60 C for 10 minutes for 3 consecutive days. This method will sterilize.
Boiling at 100 C for 2 hours will sterilize. |
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Sterilization by dry heat of ___degrees C for __ hours will kill spores, while ___ degrees C for __-__ minutes wil kill vegetative cells.
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160 for 2 hours
50-70C for 5-10 minutes |
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What is radiation of varying wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum used for?
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Disinfection and sterilization of heat-labile materials.
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Wavelength of UV light?
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250-270nm
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Microwaves themselves ___(DO/DON'T) sterilize, but the heat produced by microwaves can result in sterilization.
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Don't
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Gamma radiation and x-rays are forms of ______ _________.
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ionizing radiation
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Gamma radiation and x-rays effectively sterilize many materials, but must be used cautiously because of what?
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The potential danger to human cells.
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What are 2 things gamma radiation and x-rays used for?
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-Sterilizing plastics
-Being considered for food sterilization. |
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What kind of filters are used for filtration of liquids and gases?
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millipore filters (.20 to .45 microns)
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Filtration removes all ___ but NOT _____.
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Bacteria
Viruses |
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normal saline percentage of isotonic solution?
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85%
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What does Osmotic pressure control involve?
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increasing the sugar and salt concentrations to preservative level (anywhere from 15-60%)
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Oxygen tension can be used for what types of organisms?
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aerobic and anaerobic
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Clostridium species are (anaerobic/Aerobic) sporeformers?
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anaerobic
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What are the three diseases of clostridium sporeformers?
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botulism,
gas gangrene, and tetanus |
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What can be used to kill clostridium sporeformers?
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Oxygen (aerobic conditions)
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