Lab 4: Seedless Plants

Front 1

bisexual gametophyte

Back 1

A gametophyte that carries both antheridia (structures that produce male gametes)
and archegonia (structures that produce female gametes).

Front 2

club moss

Back 2

A group of seedless vascular plants that was ecologically important in the
Palaeozoic. They have microphyll leaves with a strand of vascular tissue and they
produce rather small, relatively simple roots. Ex.: Lycopodium and
Sellaginella.

Front 3

dichotomously branched

Back 3

Two branches arising from a node.

Front 4

epiphyte

Back 4

A plant that grows on another plant.

Front 5

Equisetum

Back 5

The only surviving genus in the Sphenophyta. Seedless vascular plants
commonly known as horsetails or scouring rushes.

Front 6

frond

Back 6

The elaborately branched megaphyll found in ferns.

Front 7

heterosporous

Back 7

A plant that produces two types of spores in the sporophyte generation
(microspores and megaspores) that grow into unisexual gametophytes:
microgametophytes that carry antheridia (structures that produce male
gametes), and megagametophytes that carry archegonia (structures that
produce female gametes).

Front 8

homosporous

Back 8

A plant that produces one type of spore in the sporophyte generation that grows
into a bisexual gametophyte.

Front 9

internode

Back 9

The part of the branch between nodes.

Front 10

lignin

Back 10

A tough organic polymer that is a major constituent of wood.

Front 11

Lycophyta

Back 11

A division within the seedless vascular plants, known as club mosses.

Front 12

Lycopodium

Back 12

A homosporous club moss.

Front 13

megaphylls

Back 13

Leaves with an elaborately branched vascular system.

Front 14

megasporangium

Back 14

The structure that produces the megaspore, which gives rise to the female
gametophyte.

Front 15

megaspore

Back 15

The cell that gives rise to the female gametophyte.

Front 16

microphylls

Back 16

Simple leaves with an unbranched strand of vascular tissue. Ex. Lycopodium;
Selaginella.

Front 17

microsporangium

Back 17

The structure that produces the microspore, which gives rise to the male
gametophyte.

Front 18

microspore

Back 18

The cell that gives rise to the male gametophyte.

Front 19

node

Back 19

Where leaves, branches or buds attach to a stem.

Front 20

phloem

Back 20

Vascular tissue that transports the products of photosynthesis from the leaves.

Front 21

prophylls

Back 21

Simple projections form the stem that lack vascular tissue. Ex.: Psilotum

Front 22

Psilotum

Back 22

A simple seedless vascular plant that lacks roots and leaves.

Front 23

rhizome

Back 23

An underground stem. Ex.: Psilotum.

Front 24

Sellaginella

Back 24

A heterosporous club moss.

Front 25

sorus

Back 25

A cluster of sporangia on the underside of a fern leaf. Plural = sori.

Front 26

sporangium

Back 26

A structure producing and containing spores. Plural = sporangia.

Front 27

sporophyll

Back 27

Modified leaves that bear sporangia. Sometimes found in a strobilus (e.g. in
Selaginella).

Front 28

strobilus

Back 28

A cone-like structure that bears the sporophylls and sporangia. May be
bisexual or unisexual.

Front 29

syngamy

Back 29

The fusion of gametes that produces the zygote.

Front 30

tracheids

Back 30

Elongated cells in the xylem of vascular plants that function in the transport of
water and structural support. Tracheid cells die after maturing, leaving no
cytoplasm and only cell walls.

Front 31

tracheids

Back 31

Elongated cells in the xylem of vascular plants that function in the transport of
water and structural support. Tracheid cells die after maturing, leaving no
cytoplasm and only cell walls.

Front 32

unisexual gametophyte

Back 32

A gametophyte that carries either antheridia (structures that produce male
gametes) or archegonia (structures that produce female gametes), but not both.

Front 33

vascular tissue

Back 33

Tissue that serves to conduct water and nutrients, and functions in structural
support.

Front 34

xylem

Back 34

Vascular tissue that transports water up from the roots.