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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
How are organisms classified?
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according to their sources of carbon
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Which type of organisms use carbon dioxide as their only carbon source and include plants and some bacteria?
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Autotrophs
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Which type of organisms use organic carbon as their source of carbon and include all other living things with a few exceptions?
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Heterotrophs
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which use light energy?
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phototrophs
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which use energy released from oxidation of chemical compounds?
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Chemotrophs
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which oxidize inorganic compounds?
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lithotrophs
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which oxidize organic compounds?
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organotrophs
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Photolithotrophs or photoautotrophs (all plants and some bacteria) use __________ _________ in photosynthesis. Water is generally the source of this.
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inorganic hydrogen
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Photo-organotrophs or photoautotrophs (some bacteria) use _______ _________ in photosynthesis.
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organic hydrogen
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Chemolithotrophs or chemoautotrophs (chemosynthetic bacteria) synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide with energy obtained from __________/_________ of ________ compounds.
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oxidation/reduction
inorganic |
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Chemoorganotrophs or chemoheterotrophs (animals, fungi and most bacteria) use energy released from _________/__________ of _______ compounds.
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oxidation/reduction
organic |
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Microorganisms require at least 15 elements:
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carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, and molydenum. All require water. Many require vitamins which function as coenzymes.
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411311211
CHIMNOPSZ |
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Psychrophiles live best at
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0 - 20 C
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Mesophiles live best at
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20 - 40C
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Thermophiles live best at
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50 - 60C
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The optimum pH for most organisms is
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6-8
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_______ are added to control pH
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buffers
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Plasmoptysis
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rupture of the membrane.
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Hypotonic
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usually less than .85% concentration. (Saline is .85%)
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Isotonic
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equal concentration inside and outside thee cell. Usually .85%.
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Plasmolysis
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membrane shrinks due to water flowing out of the cell.
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Hypertonic
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usually greater than .85% concentration.
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Agar
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nutrient broth (containing peptone and meat extract) and nutrient agar (nutrient broth solidified with agar).
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enriched
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Blood agar
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select
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Mannitol, BEA
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differential
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EMB, blood, HE
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