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103 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

1) Reproductive, 2) Urinary, 3) Nervous, 4) Muscular, 5) Respiratory, 6) Skeletal, 7) Lymphatic, 8) Integument, 9) Digestive, 10) Endocrine, 11) Cardiovascular

List the 11 Organ Systems

Reproductive Organ System

Includes the gonads (testes and ovaries); Female: uterus, vagina, and eggs; Male: penis, seminal vesicles, and sex-producing cells (sperm).

Urinary Organ System

Includes the kidneys, bladder, ureters; produces urine; removes waste products in the blood; regulates blood volume and blood pressure; regulates chemistry of the blood.

Micturition

An action in which the bladder excretes urine.

Nervous Organ System

Includes central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS); helps to receive sensory information from the environments (internal and external), integrate this information, and coordinate the body's response.

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Nervous system consisting of the cranial nerves and spinal nerves.

Muscular Organ System

Individual muscle structures made from specialized muscle fibers; contract and result in motion across a joint; generate heat as they contract; control body openings.

Respiratory Organ System

Includes the lungs, alveoli, trachea, larynx, and nose.

Skeletal Organ System

Bones are considered organs that provide support, protection to other organs, storage of nutrients, and have hematopoietic functions (produces new blood cells).

Lymphatic Organ System

Includes lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, and tonsils. Protects the body from foreign invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

Integumentary Organ System

Includes skin (largest organ), hair, hair follicles, nails, and glands in the skin; physical barrier of the body; synthesizes vitamin D (important for calcium absorption).

Digestive Organ System

Includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, and liver; absorbs water and nutrients from the diet and make them readily available to the body.

Endocrine Organ System

Includes the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, and the gonads; responsible for the production of hormones, that regulate several physiological processes throughout the body.

Cardiovascular Organ System

Includes the blood, blood vessels, and the heart; takes in and moves oxygen from the tissues; removes carbon dioxide and other waste products from the tissues.

Body is upright and facing forward; arms are straight and down at the patient's side; palms are facing forward; legs are straight; feet are flat on the ground; eyes are open; mouth is closed.

Describe Anatomical Position

Superior

Above

Inferior

Below

Medial

Toward the midline of the body

Lateral

Away from the midline (to the side)

Superficial

Toward the surface

Deep

Toward the core of the body

Anterior

To the front

Ventral

Synonym for Anterior

Posterior

To the back

Dorsal

Synonym for Posterior

Proximal

For extremities, meaning near the trunk

Distal

For extremities, meaning away from the trunk

Transverse Plane

Divides the body or the organ into superior and inferior parts.

Horizontal Plane

Synonym for transverse plane and cross-sectional plane.

Cross-Sectional Plane

Synonym for transverse plane and horizontal plane.

Frontal Plane

Divides the body or the organ into anterior and posterior parts.

Coronal plane

Synonym for frontal plane.

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body or the organ into right and left parts.

Mid-Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Parasagittal Plane

Divides the body into unequal right and left parts.

The Ventral Cavity and the Dorsal Cavity

Name the two Main Body Cavities

Ventral Cavity

One of the two main body cavities; cavity superior to the diaphragm; subdivides into the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.

Thoracic Cavity

Found in the ventral cavity; subdivides into the pleural cavity, mediastinum, and pericardial cavities.

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Found in the ventral cavity; subdivides into the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.

Abdominal Cavity

The body cavity between the diaphragm and the pelvic brim.

Pelvic Cavity

The space enclosed by the true (lesser) pelvis), containing the urinary bladder, rectum, and internal reproductive organs.

Pleural Cavity (Pleura)

Double-walled, serous membrane cavities that enclose each lung.

Mediastinum

The thick median partition of the thoracic cavity that separates one pleural cavity from the other and contains the heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, trachea, and thymus.

Pericardial Cavity

Cavity found within the thoracic cavity that surrounds the heart.

Dorsal Cavity

One of the two main body cavities; cavity inferior to the diaphragm; subdivides into the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity.

Cranial Cavity

Cavity in the dorsal cavity that contains the cranium of the skull.

Vertebral Cavity

Cavity in the dorsal cavity that contains the spine and the vertebrae.

Cranial

Anatomical region referring to the cranium of the skull; in a position relatively close to the head or a direction toward the head.

Facial

Anatomical region referring to features of the face.

Frontal

Anatomical region referring to the anterior side of the head; the forehead; ends just below the superior part of the eye sockets.

Orbital

Anatomical region referring to the eyes.

Buccal

Anatomical region referring to the cheek or the cheek bones; sometimes refers to the mouth.

Mental

Anatomical region referring to the chin.

Cervical

Anatomical region referring to the neck.

Thoracic

Anatomical region referring to the chest.

Pectoral

Anatomical region referring to the chest.

Sternal

Anatomical region referring to the anterior medial thorax. (Between the breasts on a woman.)

Abdominal

Anatomical region referring to the region between the thorax and the pelvis.

Umbilical

Anatomical region referring to the naval.

Coxal

Anatomical region referring to the hip.

Inguinal

Anatomical region referring to the depressed area of the abdominal wall near the thigh; the groin.

Pubic

Anatomical region referring to the anterior of the pelvis (pubes) and the pubis bones.

Patellar

Anatomical region referring to the anterior of the knee.

Digital

Anatomical region referring to the toes.

Cephalic

Anatomical region referring to the head.

Nasal

Anatomical region referring to the nose.

Oral

Anatomical region referring to the mouth.

Acromial

Anatomical region referring to the point of the shoulder.

Axillary

Anatomical region referring to the armpit.

Brachial

Anatomical region referring to the arm.

Antebrachial

Anatomical region referring to the forearm.

Carpal

Anatomical region referring to the wrist.

Digital

Anatomical region referring to the fingers.

Manual

Anatomical region referring to the hands.

Femoral

Anatomical region referring to the thigh.

Crural

Anatomical region referring to the leg.

Tarsal

Anatomical region referring to the ankle.

Pedal

Anatomical region referring to the foot.

Cubital

Anatomical region referring to the elbow.

Nuchal

Anatomical region referring to the neck.

Scapular

Anatomical region referring to the shoulder or shoulder blades.

Vertebral

Anatomical region referring to the spinal column.

Lumbar

Anatomical region referring to the region of the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis; the loins.

Sacral

Anatomical region referring to the posterior region between the hip bones; the tailbone.

Gluteal

Anatomical region referring to the buttocks.

Dorsum of Hand

Anatomical region referring to the posterior of the hand.

Popliteal

Anatomical region referring to the posterior side of the knee.

1) Right Hypochondriac, 2) Epigastric, 3) Left Hypochondriac, 4) Right Lumbar, 5) Umbilical, 6) Left Lumbar, 7) Right Iliac, 8) Hypogastric, 9) Left Iliac; regions used by anatomists and researchers.

Name the 9 Abdominal Regions of the body and who uses them.

1) Right Upper Quadrant, 2) Left Upper Quadrant, 3) Right Lower Quadrant, 4) Left Lower Quadrant; quadrants used by clinicians and health-care providers.

Name the 4 Abdominal Quadrants of the body and who uses them.

Arm

The region between the shoulder and the elbow.

Leg

The region between the knee and the ankle.

Calcaneal

Anatomical region referring to the heel of the foot.

Antecubital

Anatomical region referring to the anterior of the elbow.

Celiac

Anatomical region referring to the abdomen.

Costal

Anatomical region referring to the ribs.

Dorsum

Anatomical term referring to the back of something.

Mammary

Anatomical region referring to the breasts.

Occipital

Anatomical region referring to the lower posterior region of the head.

Otic

Anatomical region referring to the ear.

Palmar

Anatomical region referring to the palm of the hand.

Perineal

Anatomical region referring to the region between the anus and the external reproductive organs; the perineum.



Plantar

Anatomical region referring to the sole of the foot.