Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the three divisions of the Pelvis bone?
|
ILEUM
ISCHIUM PUBIS |
|
|
What runs through the OBTURATOR CANAL?
|
The Obturator VAN
|
|
|
What is another name for the INFERIOR PUBIC RAMUS?
|
The ISCHIAL-PUBIC RAMUS
|
|
|
What is the Anterior Boundary of the PERINEUM?
|
PUBIC SYMPHYSIS
|
|
|
What is the Anterolateral Boundary of the PERINEUM?
|
INFERIOR PUBIC RAMI
|
|
|
What is the Posterior Boundary of the PERINEUM?
|
Tip of the COCCYX
|
|
|
What is the Posterolateral Boundary of the PERINEUM?
|
SACROTUBEROUS LIGAMENT reinforced by GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
|
|
|
What two triangles may the PERINEUM be divided into?
|
Anteriorly: Urogenital
Posteriorly: Anal |
|
|
What feature divides the PERINEUM into two triangles?
|
An imaginary line drawn between the two Ischial Tuberosities.
|
|
|
What are the roles of the PELVIC DIAPHRAGM?
|
1. Separate pelvic cavity from Perineum
2. Support Pelvic viscera 3. Sphincteric action at anorectal junction 4. Resist increased intraabdominal pressure (coughing/defacating) |
|
|
What makes up the Pelvic Diaphragm?
|
Levator Ani: Puborectalis, Pubococcygeus, Iliococcygeus
(Ischio) Coccygeus |
|
|
What is the band-like thickening on the fascia of obturator internus called?
|
ARCUS TENDINEUS (Tendinous Arch of Levator Ani)
|
|
|
What innervates the Pelvic Diaphragm?
|
Perineal branch of S4
Pudendal nerve (S2, S3, S4) |
|
|
What is the correct name for the ISCHIORECTAL FOSSA?
|
ISCHIOANAL FOSSA
|
|
|
What is the ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Wedge-shaped fat-filled regions lying between the skin of anal region & pelvic diaphragm
|
|
|
What is the base of the ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Skin & Fascia
|
|
|
What is the apex of the ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Meeting point of obturator internus & levator ani muscles
|
|
|
What forms the lateral wall of ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Inferior part of Obturator Internus and fascia along the Ischium.
|
|
|
What forms the Medial Wall of the ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Anal Canal
External Anal Sphincter Levator Ani Muscle |
|
|
What forms the Anterior boundary of the ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Urogenital Diaphragm
|
|
|
What forms the Posterior boundary of the ISCHIOANAL FOSSA?
|
Gluteus Maximus M.
|
|
|
What structure encloses the Pudendal nerves?
|
Pudendal (Alcock's) Canal
(Useful for blocking for regional anesthesia in obstetrical procedures) |
|
|
Where are the anal sphincters found?
|
Internal Anal Sphincter = Upper 2/3 of Anal Canal
External Anal Sphincter = Lower 2/3 of Anal Canal They Overlap. |
|
|
What are the three parts of the EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER?
|
Subcutaneous -- no bony attachments
Superficial -- Attaches to coccyx & perineal body Deep -- No bony attachments |
|
|
What kind of inervation does the EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER exhibit?
|
Voluntary
|
|
|
What kind of inervation does the INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER exhibit?
|
Involuntary
|
|
|
Where does the INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER end?
|
White line of Hilton
|
|
|
What are the features of the superior 2/3 of the Anal Canal?
|
-Lined by Columnar Epithelium (Endodermal)
-Responsive to Stretch -Anal Columns -Adenocarcinomas -Lymphatic: Internal & Common Iliac |
|
|
What are the features of the Inferior 1/3 of the Anal Canal?
|
-Lined by Stratified Squamous Epithelium (Ectoderm)
-Somatic Innervation (Inferior rectal nerves) -Responsive to Pain, Touch, Temp -Squamous Cell Carcinoma -Lymphatic: Superficial Inguinal Nodes |
|
|
What are the features of Internal Hemorrhoids?
|
-Tributaries of Superior Rectal Vein (Portal System)
-Occur Above Pectinate Line (Painless) -3, 7, 11 o'clock |
|
|
What are the features of External Hemorrhoids?
|
-Inferior Rectal Veins (Systemic)
-Below Pectinate Line (Extremely Painful) |
|
|
Where do most Fissure in Ano occur?
|
Posteriorly in the midline.
|
