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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the SCAPULA found?
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It covers the 2nd to 7th rib
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Where is the ACROMION found?
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Palpated at tip of shoulder
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Where is the SECOND SACRAL SPINE found?
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At the level of the posterior superior iliac spine.
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What is the vertebral location of the ILIAC CREST?
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L4
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Where is the vertebral location of the LOWER ANGLE of the SCAPULA?
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T7
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Which two vertebra are the most prominent?
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C7
T1 |
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What is the LIGAMENTUM NUCHAE?
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A fibrous partition between the two muscles of the side of the back of the neck.
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Where is the MASTOID PROCESS found?
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Bumps lateral to midline on posterior skull.
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What is the INION?
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The EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL PROTUBERANCE
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What is the primary curvature of the spine?
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Thoracic & Sacral
Formed in fetus |
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What is the secondary curvature of the spine?
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Cervical & Lumbar
Formed during infancy and childhood |
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Which vertebra is known as ATLAS?
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C1
Largest Cervical because it supports the skull |
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Which vertebra is known as AXIS?
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C2
Strongest Cervical because it supports the rotation of skull |
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What is the DENS?
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A.K.A. ODONTOID PROCESS
Projects superiorly from body prevents horizontal displacement of atlas. |
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What is unique about cervical vertebrae?
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FORAMEN TRANSVERSARIUM
Vertebral arteries pass through these openings. |
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Where is the PEDICLE?
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Short, stout processes that join vertebral arch to vertebral body
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What is the LAMINA?
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Two broad, flat plates of bone met by the PEDICLES.
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What is the TRANSVERSE PROCESS?
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Posterolateral projections from the junctions of the PEDICLES and LAMINAE.
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What are the functions of the Vertebral Column?
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Supports weight of the body
Protects the spinal cord and nerves Major role in posture and locomotion Rigid and flexible axis for body & pivot for head |
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How many of each type of vertebrae are there?
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7 Cervical
12 Thoracic 5 Lumbar 5 Sacral 4 Coccygeal |
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What is KYPHOSIS?
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AKA Humpback
Abnormal increase in thoracic aperture |
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What is LORDOSIS?
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AKA sway back
Anterior rotation of pelvis Seen in pregnancy and obesity |
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What is SCOLIOSIS?
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AKA Curved Back
Abnormal lateral curvature with rotation of the vertebrae |
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What movement is allowed at the ATLANTAL-OCCIPITAL JOINT?
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Flexion/Extension of neck
('yes' movement) |
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What movement is allowed at the ATLANTAL-AXIAL JOINT?
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Rotation
('no' movement) |
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What is the Intervertebral Disc made out of?
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ANNULUS FIBROSUS (outer rings)
NUCLEUS PULPOSUS (inner rings) |
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Name the face of the SCAPULA located superior to the Spine?
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SUPRASPINOUS FOSSA
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Name the face of the SCAPULA located inferior to the spine?
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INFRASPINOUS FOSSA
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What is the difference between the SUPERIOR and INFERIOR ANGLE of the SCAPULA?
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SUPERIOR ANGLE lies across the top of the bone, the INFERIOR ANGLE lies along the bottom of the bone.
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What is the origin of the TRAPEZIUS?
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Medial third of SUPERIOR NUCHAL LINE
LIGAMENTUM NUCHAE Spines of C7 and all Thoracic vertebrae |
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What is the Insertion of the TRAPEZIUS?
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Lateral third of CLAVICLE
Medial aspect of ACROMION Medial aspect of SPINE OF SCAPULA |
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What is the Innervation of TRAPEZIUS?
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Spinal Accessory Nerve
Sensory branches C3 & C4 |
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What are the actions of the TRAPEZIUS?
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Upper fibers -- Elevate
Middle fibers -- Retract Scapula Lower fibers -- Depress Scapula |
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What is the Origin of the LATISSIMUS DORSI?
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Lower six thoracic spines
THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA Outer lip of ILIAC CREST Lower 3-4 ribs INFERIOR ANGLE of SCAPULA |
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What is the insertion of the LATISSIMUS DORSI?
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Floor of INTERTUBERCULAR SULCUS of the HUMERUS.
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What is the Innervation of the LATISSIMUS DORSI?
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THORACODORSAL NERVE
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What is the Action of the LATISSIMUS DORSI?
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Adduction
Medial rotation Extension |
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What is the Innervation of the LEVATOR SCAPULAE?
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Dorsal scapular nerve
C3 C4 |
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What is the Innervation of RHOMBOIDEUS MAJOR & MINOR?
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DORSAL SCAPULAR NERVE
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What are the boundaries of the TRIANGLE of AUSCULTATION?
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Lateral border of TRAPEZIUS
Medial border of SCAPULA Superior fibers of LATISSIMUS DORSI Space between 6th & 7th Ribs |
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What are the muscles that make up the Intermediate Group of EXTRINSIC BACK MUSCLES and what is their function?
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SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR / INFERIOR
Respiration |
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What muscles make up the Superficial layer of Intrinsic Back Muscles?
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SPLENIUS CAPITIS
SPLENIUS CERVICIS |
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What muscles make up the Intermediate layer of Intrinsic Back Muscles?
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ERECTOR SPINAE (3 divisions):
ILIOCOSTALIS LONGISSIMUS SPINALIS |
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What Innervates the Erector Spinae?
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DORSAL RAMI of spinal nerves
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What is another name for ERECTOR SPINAE?
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SACROSPINALIS
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What Action does ERECTOR SPINAE have?
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bilaterally: Extension of vertebral column and head
unilaterally: Lateral bend of vertebral column |
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What muscles make up the Deep layer of Intrinsic Back Muscles?
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SEMISPINALIS
MULTIFIDUS ROTATORES INTERSPINALES INTERTRANSVERSARII |
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Where does the DORSAL RAMUS Innervate?
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Muscles & Skin of dorsal aspect of body.
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Where does the VENTRAL RAMUS Innervate?
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Muscles / Skin on ventral side of body.
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What makes up the Posterior layer of THORACOLUMBAR FASCIA?
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APONEUROSIS of LATISSIMUS DORSI and SERRATUS POSTERIOR SUPERIOR
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