La

Front 1

huasteca

Back 1

ensemble that features falsetto tones of a male singer accompanied by two guitars and a violin, may perform dances on steps of San Sebastian cathedral

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syncretism

Back 2

fusion of cultures that takes place when different thnic groups meet

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criollos, mestizos

Back 3

latin americans of mixed race

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use of harmony

Back 4

from europe, uses european harmonic techniques and harmonic progresions, through guitar strumming often

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parallel thirds

Back 5

singers and instrumentalists thicken textures by adding a parellel melody two scale steps away that creates a consonant succession of intervals called thirds

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paired phrases

Back 6

song texts that are often written in paired lines, called coplas, with pauses between lines. the first line of the piar ends with an unsettled feeling which the second line resolves

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distinctive dance rhythms

Back 7

charactersitic rhythms often derived from the habanera and swequialtera largely define latin american dances

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rhthm guitar

Back 8

vigorous harmonic strumming of the guitars, as well as percussion, emphasize dance rhythms

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rumba

Back 9

cuban dance

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tango

Back 10

argentinian dance

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samba

Back 11

brazilian dance

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habanera

Back 12

MANY dances have influence from this

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sesquialtera

Back 13

simple triple compound duple, it is a polyrhythm

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autos

Back 14

folk religious dramas in mexico

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son

Back 15

refers to a wide variety of different song and dance types all usually use the sesquialtera strumming guitars and a fast stamping couple dance

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fast stamping couple dance

Back 16

zapateado

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coplas

Back 17

paired lines, each line usually corresponds to a musical phrase of regular length with a pause between each line during which time the instruments fill in. first pair ends in cadence, unsettled harmony and melodic tone, and the second resolves both the harmony and the idea expressed in the text.

Front 18

conjunto

Back 18

generic name for folk band in mexico

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chilena

Back 19

acapulco, pacific coast, gold rush, influence of south american cueca, includes a guitar, another small guitar called the requinto, sometimes wind instruments and a string baess

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huapango

Back 20

rural regions around mexico city, medium sized guitar known as jarana and a special large guitar, the huapanguera. violin which plays fast running figures

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mariachi

Back 21

originated in the ranches around guadalajara, charro costumes, replaced harp with the large guitar bass called the guitarron, pair of trumpets suitable for urban environmentsrepertory of ranchera songs became famous, love ssongs, ballads, sung in parallel thirds echoed by trumpets

Front 22

jarocho

Back 22

from veracruz, la bamba, jarana,(five-course guitar), requinto (small guitar) and arpa, a diatonically tuned harp

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zapateados

Back 23

stamping, boot-tapping dances that would go on perhaps until dawn

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fandango( traditional music of fandango is the son jarocho)

Back 24

festival of invited musical groups, the musicians are more likely to be professional who play at restaurants and weddings, tied with jarocho

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maniqueos/rasgueado

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since son jarocho music lacks percussion instruments the rhythmic and percussive use of the instruments of the ensemble make up for it. these rhythms are created through up and down strums called maniqueos or rasgueado

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bajo sexto

Back 26

six string bass guitar

Front 27

canciones revolucionarias

Back 27

revolutionary songs

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conjunto nortena

Back 28

popular band

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conjunto

Back 29

standardized as accordion, guitar, string bass, and singer

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zarzuelas

Back 30

operetta

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carnaval

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brazilian musical tradition,

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samba schools

Back 32

they parade through the streets competing for the recognition of judges street revelers and millions who watch the spectacle on television, each school consists of hundreds of elaborately costumed dancer on top of an dbeside lavish floats and hundred or more percussionists who make up the

Front 33

bateria

Back 33

they are the samba percussion band

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brazil=

Back 34

portuguese

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batuque

Back 35

characteristic dance, slave dance, took turns dancing

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capoiera

Back 36

stylized martial arts dance

Front 37

berimbae

Back 37

a musical bow tapped with a stick and equipped with a half-gourd resonator placed against the chest, characteristic instrument associated with capoiera

Front 38

atabaque and agogo

Back 38

tall drum and double iron bell may join in capoiera dance, berimbau can change pitch but it is mainly a rhythmic instrument

Front 39

le, rumpi, and rum

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conical or barrel shaped drums, smallest to largest, called le, rumpi, and rum accompany a complex repertory of songs, each unique to a particular spirit, with intense polyrhythms

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lundu

Back 40

dance that filtered into urban salons as early as the eighteenth century,

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favelas

Back 41

known for their bands of street musicians called choros

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choros

Back 42

played versions of popular dances like the lundu, polka

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maxixe

Back 43

highly syncopated brazilian dance

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samba cancao

Back 44

more relaxed and refined version of the samba dance

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batucada

Back 45

percussive style dance

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blocos afro

Back 46

reintroduction of self consciously african elements into their bands as a way to reestablish african traditions and an ethnic identity.

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MPB

Back 47

musica popular brasileira, composers Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil=electric instruments and rock influence milton Nascimento Jorge Ben= african elements

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modhina

Back 48

arranged by professional pianist composers, smooth lyricism

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kena

Back 49

andean notch flute

Front 50

bomba

Back 50

andean drum

Front 51

charango

Back 51

small guitar andean

Front 52

huayno

Back 52

popular dance throughout the andes, a lively duple meter dance with a characteristic long-short-short rhythm

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mestizo music

Back 53

ethnic mixtures the pan-andean popular music sound they represented

Front 54

campesinos

Back 54

mountain peasants

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chicha

Back 55

hybrid sounds combining colombian cumbia, cuban percussion, and north american rock with the local huayno

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cajon

Back 56

open wooden box that a drummer sits on and plays with his or her handsafrican slaves in some coastal areas represent yet another distinctive hybrid