L5 - Drugs And Gi Disease

Front 1

NaHCO3

Back 1

Antacid: acid neutralizing agent

Front 2

CaCO3

Back 2

Antacid: acid neutralizing agent

Front 3

Al (OH)3

Back 3

Antacid: acid neutralizing agent

Front 4

Mg (OH)2

Back 4

Antacid: acid neutralizing agent

Front 5

Charcoal

Back 5

antiflatulents

Front 6

Smethicone

Back 6

antiflatulents

Front 7

cimetidine
(TAGAMENT)

Back 7

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Front 8

Ranitidine
(ZANTAC)

Back 8

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Front 9

Famotidine
(PEPCID)

Back 9

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Front 10

Nizatidine
(AXID)

Back 10

H2-Receptor Antagonist

Front 11

H2-Receptor Antagonist (4)

Back 11

Cimetidine (TAGAMET)
Ranitidine (ZANTAC)
Famotidine (PEPCID)
Nizatidine (AXID)

Front 12

Proton Pump Inhibitors (5)

Back 12

Omeprazole (PRILOSEC)
Lansoprazole (PREVACID)
Rabeprazole (ACIPHEX)
Pantoprazole (PROTONIX)
Esomeprazole (NEXIUM)

Front 13

sucralfate
(CARAFATE)

Back 13

Mucosal Protective Agent

aluminum sucrose sulfate: activated by stomach acid and binds to duodenal ulcers; a barrier to persistent acid damage.

Front 14

bismuth salts

Back 14

Mucosal Protective Agent

similar to sucralfate, but may decrease the action of H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease.

Front 15

misoprostol
(CYTOTEC)

Back 15

Mucosal Protective Agent

analog of prostaglandin E1, decreases stomach acid production and may increase mucous and bicarbonate secretion. Contraindicated in pregnancy.

Front 16

Alginic Acid
(GAVISCON)

Back 16

Mucosal Protective Agent

polymer from seaweed, floats and protects esophagus from gastric acid; a component of antacids.

Front 17

Metoclopramide
(REGLAN)

Back 17

Drug Promoting Gastric Motility

antagonize enteric dopaminergic receptors which enhance release of Ach, increasing gastric motility.

Front 18

Cisapride
(PROPULSID)

Back 18

Drug Promoting Gastric Motility

5-HT4 agonist, which also stimulates myenteric Ach release (restricted use due to toxicity).

Front 19

Erythromycin

Back 19

Drug Promoting Gastric Motility

stimulates motilin receptors, with increased gastric emptying, but increased incidence of diarrhea reported.

Front 20

Benzodiazepines

Back 20

Antiemetic drug

anxiolytic effect reduces anticipatory nausea and vomiting.

Front 21

Dexamethazone

Back 21

Antiemetic drug

effective adjunct in tx of N&V in chemotherapeutic regimens.

Front 22

Dronabinol
(MARINOL)

Back 22

antiemetic effect is primarily central (CTZ)

Front 23

Emetrol

Back 23

Phosphorated carbohydrate solution (EMETROL) reduce smooth muscle contraction.

Front 24

Metoclopramide
(REGLAN)

Back 24

Antiemetic Drug:

Dopaminergic Antagonists

Front 25

Prochlorperazine
(COMPAZINE)

Back 25

Antiemetic Drug:

Dopaminergic Antagonists

Front 26

Promethazine
(PHENERGAN)

Back 26

Antiemetic Drug:

Dopaminergic Antagonists

Front 27

Ondansetron
(ZOFRAN)

Back 27

Antiemetic Drug:

5-HT3 Antagonists

Antagonize 5-HT-mediated N&V centrally and peripherally.

Front 28

Dolasetron
(ANZEMET)

Back 28

Antiemetic Drug:

5-HT3 Antagonists

Antagonize 5-HT-mediated N&V centrally and peripherally.

Front 29

Granisetron
(KYTRIL)

Back 29

Antiemetic Drug:

5-HT3 Antagonists

Antagonize 5-HT-mediated N&V centrally and peripherally.

Front 30

Aprepitant
(EMEND)

Back 30

Substance P/Neurokinin 1 (NK1) Receptor Antagonists

-an antagonist of NK1 receptors, reducing vomiting associated with activation of these receptors.
-Useful in emetogenic chemotherapy (such as cisplatin). PO administration. Used concurrently with 5-HT3 antagonists and dexamethasone.

Front 31

Castor oil

Back 31

Stimulant Laxative

ricinoleic acid increases intestinal motility
-Used as a component for bowel preparation.

Front 32

Cascara & Senna

Back 32

Stimulant Laxative

contain plant alkaloids which stimulate colonic motility.
-Used as a component for bowel preparation.

Front 33

phenophthalein & bisacodyl

Back 33

Stimulant Laxative

synthetic colonic stimulants
-Used as a component for bowel preparation.

Front 34

Psyllium seed
(METAMUCIL)

Back 34

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 35

Methylcellulose

Back 35

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 36

Bran

Back 36

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 37

Saline cathartics
(FLEET’S PHOSPHO-SODA)

Back 37

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 38

Sorbitol

Back 38

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 39

PEG solutions

Back 39

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 40

Lactulose

Back 40

Bulk Forming Laxatives
-Increase intralumenal fluid, indirectly stimulating peristalsis (bowel prep, reduce impaction).

Front 41

Mineral oil

Back 41

Stool Softners
-Emulsification of intralumenal contents reduces pressure for defecation, esp. in cardiac rehab, diverticula, etc

Front 42

glycerin suppositories

Back 42

Stool Softners
-Emulsification of intralumenal contents reduces pressure for defecation, esp. in cardiac rehab, diverticula, etc

Front 43

docusate
(Colace)

Back 43

Stool Softners
-Emulsification of intralumenal contents reduces pressure for defecation, esp. in cardiac rehab, diverticula, etc

Front 44

Diphenoxylate
(LOMOTIL)

Back 44

Antidiarrheal agent

Front 45

Loperamide
(IMODIUM)

Back 45

Antidiarrheal agent
-presynaptic opiate receptors inhibit Ach release, and associated peristalsis.

Front 46

Kaolin & Pectin
(KAOPECTATE)

Back 46

Antidiarrheal agent
-bind bacteria and associated toxins which increase peristalsis.

Front 47

Bismuth subsalicylate
(PEPTO BISMOL)

Back 47

Antidiarrheal agent
-may inhibit binding of enteric E. coli toxins to mucosa.

Front 48

5-ASA or Mesalamine
(PENTASA)

Back 48

Management of IBS
Salicylate Derivatives

-all agents deliver 5-ASA to the colon as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Front 49

Sulfasalazine
(AZULFIDINE)

Back 49

Management of IBS
Salicylate Derivatives

-all agents deliver 5-ASA to the colon as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Front 50

Olsalazine
(DIPENTUM)

Back 50

Management of IBS
Salicylate Derivatives

-all agents deliver 5-ASA to the colon as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Front 51

Balsalazide
(COLAZAL)

Back 51

Management of IBS: Salicylate Derivatives

-all agents deliver 5-ASA to the colon as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Front 52

Hydrocortisone
(CORTENEMA and CORTIFOAM)

Back 52

Management of IBS: Immunosuppressants

-given as retention enema/foam, reduces systemic effects. Other steroids may be used as well.

Front 53

Azathioprine & Mercaptopurine

Back 53

Management of IBS: Immunosuppressants

-cytotoxic drugs which, at low doses, inhibit the inflammation and minimize hematologic effects.

Front 54

Infliximab
(REMICADE)

Back 54

Management of IBS: Immunosuppressants

-monoclonal antibody against TNF-alpha, a mediator of the granulomatous inflammatory process in Crohn’s Disease.

Front 55

Alosetron
(LOTRONEX)

Back 55

Agents for IBS

-5-HT3 antagonist for diarrhea-prominent IBS. Restricted use due to ischemic colitis with this drug.

Front 56

Tegaserod
(ZELNORM)

Back 56

Agents for IBS

-5-HT4 agonist for constipation-prominent IBS. Diarrhea is SE.

Front 57

Orlistat
(XENICAL)

Back 57

Enteric Lipase Inhibitors

-inhibits enteric lipase resulting in decreased fat absorption.
-Primarily for weight loss.
-Reduces fat-soluble vitamin absorption.
-Increased defecation with fatty stool.

Front 58

Lubiprostone
(AMITISA)

Back 58

Idiopathic constipation

-Indicated for idiopathic constipation
-Activates an intestinal chloride channel resulting in the intralumenal increase in chloride and water in the GI lumen without significant absorption and effect upon serum fluid and electrolytes.
-Not recommended during pregnancy.