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10 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Indirect Age Adjustment

Comparison of observed vs. expected events ignored to eliminate the effect of any age difference between the population




number of event for each age-specific stratum are not available

Standardized Mortality Ratio

(Observed number of deaths / Expected number of Deaths) * 100

Indirect Age-Adjustment Steps

Step1-identify observed events in the population of interest


Step2-identify age-specific event rates for known population of comparison


Step3-Apply age specific event rates from PC to age specific strata of PI to obtain expected number of deaths for each category


Step4-Sum the expected number of events for the PI


Step5-find the SMR

Disadvantage of Indirect Adjustment

-Information is lost when summary measures are used



-The absolute and relative magnitudes of the standardized rate will depend on the standard used




-standardized rate are fictitious - they do not estimate any true parameter

5-Year Survival Rate

proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of the 5 years who survived to the end of the the 5 years

Leap Time Bias

give biases based on time of diagnosis




the idea that earlier detection is has resulted longer survival times but just because you know someone has the disease earlier it doesn't mean that the medication is helped extend life

Assumptions made in using life table

-no changed have occurred in treatment or survivorship over calendar

-for each interval the probability of an event is uniform throughout the interval


-those lost to follow-up experience the same survivorship as those who are followed


d

d

Relative Survival Rate

observed survival rate / expected survival rate

d

d