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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Ambiguity:
Having more than one meaning in a particular context. The word “pen” is ambiguous in the sentence, “The farmer’s pen is empty.” Ambiguity is sometimes popularly used to mean vague, but in the study of language vagueness and ambiguity are distinct features. Some have argued that while words, phrases, and sentences can be both vague and ambiguous, concepts and propositions can only be vague and are never ambiguous.
Autonomy:
The freedom of being able to decide for oneself by using one’s own rationality.
Dogmatism:
an inflexibly held position that is not open to inquiry or questioning.
Euthanasia:
Good death, in ancient Greek. Today, it has come to be associated with mercy killing.
Explanation:
giving an account of why something taken to be true is true. While all explanations may require descriptions, not all descriptions require or even involve explanations.
Ignorance:
Not knowing. Ignorance and stupidity are not treated here as synonyms.
Intrinsic value:
the inherent value a thing possesses independent of some external or extrinsic value it might have or bring about.
Metaphysical:
Concerning the ultimate nature of reality.
Parable:
A story meant to teach a moral or give insight.
Philosophy:
a modern variation on two Greek words, philein, to love, and Sophia, wisdom. Hence, philosophy has the traditional definition of being a love of wisdom.
Reasoning:
to systematically think about some problem. More specifically, the activity of justifying some position.
Synthesis:
the bringing together of conflicting views, claims, and the like to create a new view from those conflicting views. The new view being the synthesis of the old.
Rene Descartes –
dualism belief
Thomas Hobes –
matter in motion
Turing Test-
when mankind talks to a computer and kind not tell the difference if it is communicating with a person or a computer.
John Searl’s Chinese Room argument..
computer only manipulate sympols (computer time / brain space)
Are you a dualist or a materialist, or do you hold some other view? Is that view free
of the difficulties that plague the views of dualism and materialism presented in
this lesson?
I would say I hold a combination of views. My view is not free of the difficulties that plague the views of the above.
Has the growth of science made every form of dualism untenable? Must science rest
upon a metaphysical view of materialism?
The growth of science has not made every form of dualism untenable because of some of the unexplained mystical happenings in the spiritual or the subjective world. Science does not have to entirely rest upon the metaphysical view of material. There are still things or happenings in life that just happen.