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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery (5)?
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-inferior pancreaticoduodenal aa.
-intestinal (jejunal/ileal) aa. -ileocolic a. -right colic a. -middle colic a. |
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What do the anterior and posterior branches of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal aa. supply?
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supply the head and uncinate process of pancreas; duodenum
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What does the ileocolic a. supply?
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vermiform appendix, cecum, ascending colon
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What does the right colic a. supply?
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ascending colon
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What does the middle colic a. supply?
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transverse colon
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What are the 2 main arteries of the duodenum and their respective branches?
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Gastroduodenal artery
-supraduodenal a. -ant. sup. pancreaticoduodenal (PD) a. -post. sup. PD a. Superior mesenteric a. -ant. inferior PD a. -post. inferior PD a. |
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What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery (3) and what do they supply?
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-Left colic a.- descending colon
-Sigmoid aa.- sigmoid colon -Superior rectal a.- rectum; direct continuation of inf. mesenteric a. |
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What is the marginal artery of Drummond?
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-Anastomoses among terminal branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries.
-Forms a continuous “marginal” artery around the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colons. |
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What is the portal vein (in the abdomen)?
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-Drains blood from GIT, spleen, and pancreas into the liver.
-Supplies ~75% of blood to the liver. -Formed by union of superior mesenteric and splenic vv. posterior to the head of the pancreas |
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In which 2 veins can the inferior mesenteric v. drain into?
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splenic or portal veins
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What does the paraumbilical vv. drain into?
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portal vein
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What are the portocaval anastomoses?
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Anastomoses between branches of portal and systemic (portosystemic or portocaval) circulations that become functional during portal hypertension
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What are the components (veins) that make up the portocaval anastomoses?
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Left gastric v.---azygos vv.
Superior rectal v.---middle rectal v. and inferior rectal v. Paraumbilical vv.---superficial vv. of ant. abdominal wall Retroperitoneal vv.---lumbar vv. Veins in bare area of the liver --veins of diaphragm and internal thoracic v. |
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What is the pre-hepatic cause of portal hypertension?
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Blockage of the portal vein such as a tumor of the head of the pancreas compressing the portal vein, portal vein thrombosis, portal vein stenosis
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What is the hepatic cause of portal hypertension?
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Hepatic diseases with increased fibrosis blocking flow through the liver sinusoids, such as cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis C, schistosomiasis (developing countries), thrombosis of hepatic veins
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What is the post-hepatic cause of portal hypertension?
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Increase pressure in the IVC such as from congestive heart failure affecting the right heart, tricuspid regurgitation, IVC obstruction, constrictive pericarditis
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In portal hypertension what is hematemesis?
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-fresh bleeding from esophageal varices (enlarged esophageal vv. drain into the azygos veins due to the higher pressure in the left gastric v.)
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In portal hypertension what is caput medusa?
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-enlarged paraumbilical vv. which drain directly into the portal v. dump portal blood into the superficial veins of the anterior abdominal wall, specifically the tributaries of the superficial epigastric veins
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In portal hypertension what is hematochezia?
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-fresh bleeding from hemorrhoids (enlarged inferior and middle rectal vv. which anastomose with the superior rectal v., a direct continuation of the inf. mesenteric v.)
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In portal hypertension what is splenomegaly?
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-enlarged spleen from blood in splenic v.
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