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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what muscles are the powers of labor?
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uterine
abdominal |
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The uterus is divided into what 2 segments?
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Upper active segment - Fundus
Lower passive segment - Corpus |
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What kind of muscle cells make up the fundus?
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longitudinal muscle cells which contract, relax, and retract.
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What is retraction?
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muscle is minutely shorter after each contraction. Only muscle in the body that retracts.
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What happens to the fundus with each contraction?
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Fundus gets shorter and thicker which pushes baby down.
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The presenting part becomes a what?
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dilating force - causes thinning or effacing.
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What are the muscles of the fundus like during gestation?
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relaxed
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What are the muscle cells of the Corpus like?
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Circular fibers that relax and stretch (get thinner) during labor. Allows the baby to be pushed through fundus into corpus.
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What are these muscles like during gestation?
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These muscles are contracted so baby not expelled.
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What happens if the corpus obstructs decent of baby?
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It becomes a pathological retraction ring or Bandle's Retraction Ring.
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What complication can happen of corpus obstructs decent of baby?
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Lower segment could rupture because upper still pushing and lower still thinning. Not as much of a problem for baby.
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What is the biggest obstruction?
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Large baby.
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What is meant by antagonistic response of uterine muscles?
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They reverse roles from gestation to labor.
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What is a physiological or Braun's retraction ring?
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Where long uterine fibers meet circular corpus fibers.
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What is brachystasis?
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Phenomena of retraction. Long fibers of fundus retract and get shorter and thicker. Space decreases in uterus.
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what happens physically during labor involving miometrial activity?
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As cervix stretches and opens (dilates and effaces) miometrial activity is increasing. Contractions = miometrial activity.
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Fergason's reflex?
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Whole process of labor is increased with contractions and increased miometrial activity.
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Uterine contractions are intermittent. How long should rest period between contractions be?
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at least 1 minute.
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Are contractions voluntary or involuntary?
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involuntary
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What 4 factors is labor dependant on?
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4 P's:
Passenger (baby) Pelvis (passage) Powers (uterine muscles, contractions) Psychi (frame of mind) |
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What characteristics of the passenger (baby) effects the progress of labor?
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Size of baby:
small - speeds up possibly Way presenting - dilating force. |
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What shape pelvis (passage) is best?
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gynecoid
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What should happen with uterine muscles/contractions during labor (Powers)
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Contractions should get longer, closer together.
Ability to push affected by abdominal muscles. |
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How can psychi affect labor?
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If fearful - tense - effects progress.
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How much above the baseline is a normal contraction?
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35-60 (50-75 with 15 baseline)
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A woman can feel intensity of contraction when it is how far above baseline.
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25 mmhg above
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How far above baseline can false labor pains be?
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40
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What is fundal dominance?
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contraction begins high on fundus and radiates down on uterine body. Felt as back pain.
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What controls contractions?
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Pacemaker - by R fallopian tube - enters fundus - dominant pacemaker.
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What happens with cervical effacement and dilatation?
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as uterus elongates with every contaction and horizontal diameter decreases (gets long and narrow)
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What causes cervical effacement and dilitation?
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Fetal axis pressure
Hydrostatic pressure of BOW Lower segment pulled up over the presenting part. |
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What happens to cause fetal axis pressure?
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fundus pushes on upper pole and lower pole (head) and becomes a dilating force.
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How does hydrostatic pressure of BOW affect effacement and dilitation?
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before ruptured, is a dilitating force.
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When might the doctor leave the BOW intact?
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with a preemie to be cushion for fragile head.
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