Kuntzman/tortora A&p Ch.5 Integumentary System

Front 1

The integumentary system consist of?

Back 1

– Skin (cutaneous membrane)
– Blood Vessels
– Nerves
– Accessory Structures (Hair, nails, and skin glands)

Front 2

With the structures of the skin (cutaneous membrane) what are the 2 layers?

Back 2

– Epidermis
– Dermis

Front 3

With the structure of skin (cutaneous membrane) which layer is the superficial epithelial layer?

Back 3

Epidermis Layer

Front 4

With the structure of the skin (cutaneous membrane) which layer is the deeper connective tissue layer?

Back 4

Dermis Layer

Front 5

With the structure of the skin (cutaneous membrane) what is below the skin that contains adipose (fat) tissue?

Back 5

Hypodermis

Front 6

With the structure of the epidermis (superficial epithelial layer) layer of the skin, what are the 4 consisting cell types?

Back 6

– Stratified
– Squamous
– Keratinized
– Epithelium

Front 7

With the structure of epidermis (superficial epithelial layer) of the skin, which cell type is the main cell type which contains protein and waterproofs the skin?

Back 7

Keratinocytes

Front 8

With the structure of epidermis (superficial epithelial layer) of the skin, which cell type is the one that produce melanin; the pigment that absorbs damaging UV radiation and contributes to skin color?

Back 8

Melanocytes

Front 9

With the structure of epidermis (superficial epithelial layer) of the skin, which cell type are immune cells?

Back 9

Intraepidermal macrophage Cells

Front 10

With the structure of epidermis (superficial epithelial layer) of the skin, which cell type has sensory touch receptors and are deep in epidermis?

Back 10

Tactile epithelial Disc

Front 11

What are the layers of the epidermis from deepest to most superficial?

Back 11

– Stratum Basale (deepest)
– Stratum Spinosum
– Stratum Granulosum
– Stratum Lucidum (only in thick skin)
– Stratum Corneum

Front 12

Which layer of the epidermis is the deepest?

Back 12

Stratum Basale

Front 13

Which layer of the epidermis is only in thick skin?

Back 13

Stratum Lucidum

Front 14

Which layer of the epidermis is the most superficial?

Back 14

Stratum Corneum

Front 15

With the layers of the epidermis, which layer has a single row of cells and contain stem cells that are the only one to undergo mitosis, producing new keratinocytes?

Back 15

Stratum Basale

Front 16

With the stratum basale layer of the epidermis,_____is where newly formed cells are pushed to the surface (4 weeks)?

Back 16

Keratinization

Front 17

Which epidermis layer contains melanocytes and merkle disc?

Back 17

Stratum Basale Layer

Front 18

This layer of the epidermis is superficial to the stratum basale and has 8 – 10 rows of keratinocytes with torn like spines?

Back 18

Stratum Spinosum

Front 19

This layer of the epidermis is superficial to the stratum Spinosum and has 3 – 5 rows of keratinocytes?

Back 19

Stratum Granulosum

Front 20

This layer of epidermis is superficial to the stratum granulosum and has 3 – 5 rows of dead keratinocytes?

Back 20

Stratum Lucidum

Front 21

This layer of epidermis is only in thick skin like the fingertips, palms, and souls?

Back 21

Stratum Lucidum

Front 22

This layer of epidermis is the most superficial and has 25 – 30 rows of squamous dead keratinocytes?

Back 22

Stratum Corneum

Front 23

With the stratum corneum cells are continuously_____and_____?

Back 23

– Replaced
– Shed

Front 24

This is a abnormally thickened stratum corneum?

Back 24

Callus

Front 25

This is the deeper connective tissue portion of the skin?

Back 25

Dermis

Front 26

What does the dermis consist of?

Back 26

– Blood Vessels
– Nerves
– Glands
– Hair Follicles

Front 27

The papillary of the dermis consist of areolar connective tissue with elastic fibers that contain dermal papillae that house_____, corpuscles of touch, and free_____ _____?

Back 27

– Capillaries
– Nerve Endings

Front 28

This region of the dermis is the deeper portion (about 4/5) and consist of dense irregular connective tissue with bundles of collagen and some coarse elastic fibers?

Back 28

Reticular

Front 29

The reticular region of the dermis has spaces between fibers that contain some adipose cells, hair follicles, nerves,_____ glands, and_____ glands?

Back 29

– Sebaceous Glands
– Sudoriferous Glands

Front 30

What are the 3 pigments that contribute to skin color?

Back 30

– Melanin
– Hemoglobin
– Carotene

Front 31

Which of the 3 pigments is where the skin color vairies, it can be pale yellow to red to tan to black?

Back 31

Melanin

Front 32

With Melanin pigment the number of_____ is the same and all people?

Back 32

– Melanocytes

Front 33

Differences in skin color is mainly due to the_____of space_____ melanocytes produce?

Back 33

– Amount
– Melanin

Front 34

With the structural basis of skin color this is a inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin?

Back 34

Albinism

Front 35

Which of the 3 pigments is oxygen carrying pigment in red blood cells?

Back 35

Hemoglobin

Front 36

With hemoglobin_____ blood flow causes reddish (erythema) skin color?

Back 36

Increased

Front 37

With hemoglobin_____ blood flow causes bluish (cyanotic) skin color?

Back 37

Decreased

Front 38

Which of the 3 pigments is yellow – orange pigment, and forms vitamin A for vision?

Back 38

Carotene

Front 39

3 Functions of hair?

Back 39

– Protects Structures from UV Rays
– Decreases Heat Loss
– Protects Eyes from Foreign Particles

Front 40

Hair is dead,_____space cells?

Back 40

Keratinized

Front 41

With hair anatomy what part is the superficial portion above skin?

Back 41

Hair Shaft

Front 42

With hair anatomy what part is the deeper portion that penetrates skin?

Back 42

Hair Root

Front 43

With hair anatomy what part produce oil?

Back 43

Sebaceous Glands

Front 44

With hair anatomy what part is the external and internal root sheaths?

Back 44

Hair Follicle

Front 45

With hair anatomy what part is the base of the hair follicle that contains the hair?

Back 45

Bulb

Front 46

With hair anatomy this is the Stratum basale layer that is the site of cell division?

Back 46

Matrix

Front 47

Hair color is primarily due to the amount of_____?

Back 47

Melanin

Front 48

Glands are formed by_____ _____cells that secrete (release) a substance?

Back 48

Stratum Basale

Front 49

3 types of exocrine glands in the skin where products are released into ducts?

Back 49

– Sebaceous (oil) Glands
–Sudoriferous (sweat) Glands
–Ceruminous Glands (produce earwax)

Front 50

Which exocrine gland is oil glands?

Back 50

Sebaceous (oil) Glands

Front 51

Which exocrine gland is sweat glands?

Back 51

Sudoriferous (sweat) Glands

Front 52

Which exocrine gland produce earwax?

Back 52

Ceruminous Glands

Front 53

Which exocrine gland is associated with hair follicles and thin skin and is absent in thick skin like the palms and soles?

Back 53

Sebaceous Glands

Front 54

Which exocrine gland secrete a substance called sebum that prevents dryness, inhibits growth of certain bacteria, and if clogged may cause acne?

Back 54

Sebaceous Glands

Front 55

Which exocrine gland has 3-4 million in the body and releases onto skin surface through pores?

Back 55

Sudoriferous (sweat) Glands

Front 56

What are the 2 main types of Sudoriferous (sweat) glands based on structure, location, and type of secretion?

Back 56

– Eccrine Sweat Glands
– Apocrine Sweat Glands

Front 57

Which of the 2 main types of sudoriferous sweat glands has a distribution through out the skin of most regions of the body, especially in skin of the forehead, palms, and soles?

Back 57

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 58

Which of the 2 main types of sudoriferous sweat glands has a distribution to the skin of the axilla, groin, areolae, bearded regions of the face, clitoris, and labia minora?

Back 58

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Front 59

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands is located mostly in the deep dermis?

Back 59

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 60

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands is located mostly in the subcutaneous layer (armpit)?

Back 60

Apocrine Sweat Glands

Front 61

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands has a termination of excretory duct at the surface of the epidermis?

Back 61

Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 62

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands has a termination of excretory duct a the hair follicle?

Back 62

- Apocrine Sweat Glands

Front 63

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands functions to regulate body temperature and waste removal?

Back 63

- Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 64

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands funtions are stimulated during emotional stress and sexual excitement?

Back 64

- Apocrine Sweat Glands

Front 65

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands has a on set of function soon after birth, and have no odor?

Back 65

- Eccrine Sweat Glands

Front 66

Which type of the sudoriferous sweat glands has a on set of function at puberty and has a odor?

Back 66

- Apocrine Sweat Glands

Front 67

Which exocrine gland is located in the external ear, and provides a sticky barrier that impedes the entrance of foreign bodies?

Back 67

- Ceruminous Glands

Front 68

Ceruminous glands produce a waxy secretion called _____ (_____).

Back 68

- Cerumen (Ear Wax)

Front 69

Nails are _____ packed, dead, keratinized _____ cells?

Back 69

- Tightly
- Epidermal

Front 70

What part of the nail is the visible portion?

Back 70

- Nail Body

Front 71

What part of the nail is the portion that extends past the digit?

Back 71

- Free Edge

Front 72

What part of the nail is the portion deep to the skin?

Back 72

- Nail Root

Front 73

What part of the nail is whitish, and crescent-shaped?

Back 73

- Lunula

Front 74

What part of the nail is the site of cell division (stratum basale)?

Back 74

- Nail Matrix

Front 75

A rich blood supply to the nail causes _____ color?

Back 75

- Pinkish

Front 76

Poor blood supply to the nail causes _____(_____) color?

Back 76

- Bluish (Cyanosis)

Front 77

Palms, palmer surface of digits, and soles is thin or thick skin?

Back 77

Thick Skin

Front 78

All parts of the body except palms and palmar surface of digits and soles are thin or thick skin?

Back 78

Thin Skin

Front 79

With epidermal strata which skin type thin or thick has thick strata lucidum, spinosum, and corneum?

Back 79

Thick Skin

Front 80

With epidermal strata which skin type, thin or thick has stratum lucidum essentially lacking with thinner strata spinosum and corneum?

Back 80

Thin Skin

Front 81

Hair follicles and arrector pili muscles are absent in which skin type?

Back 81

Thick Skin

Front 82

Hair follicles and arrector pili muscles are present in which skin type?

Back 82

Thin Skin

Front 83

Epidermal ridges are present in which skin type?

Back 83

Thick Skin

Front 84

Epidermal ridges are lacking in which skin type?

Back 84

Thin Skin

Front 85

Sebaceous glands are absent in which skin type?

Back 85

Thick Skin

Front 86

Sebaceous glands are present in which skin type?

Back 86

Thin Skin

Front 87

Sudoriferous glands are more numerous in which skin type?

Back 87

Thick Skin

Front 88

Sudoriferous glands are fewer in which skin type?

Back 88

Thin Skin

Front 89

Sensory receptors are denser in which skin type?

Back 89

Thick Skin

Front 90

Sensory receptors are sparser in which skin type?

Back 90

Thin Skin

Front 91

6 skin functions?

Back 91

– Thermoregulation
– Blood Reservoir
– Protection
– Sensation
– Excretion and Absorption
– Synthesis of Vitamin D

Front 92

With skin functions what controls body temperature?

Back 92

Thermoregulation (main function)

Front 93

With skin functions what stores 8 – 10% of blood at rest in a adult?

Back 93

Blood Reservoir

Front 94

With skin functions a barrier to microbes and chemicals is for?

Back 94

Protection

Front 95

Which skin functions senses touch, pain, and temperature?

Back 95

Sensations

Front 96

Which skin function removes and absorbs some substances?

Back 96

Excretion and Absorption

Front 97

Which skin function is produced by UV exposure then converted to calcitriol (active form) that aids in calcium absorption in GI tract?

Back 97

Synthesis of Vitamin D

Front 98

Effects with aging and the Integumentary system are usually not apparent until?

Back 98

Late 40s

Front 99

Effects with aging and the integumentary system will usually cause elastic fibers to_____ elasticity, causing_____?

Back 99

– Lose
– Wrinkling

Front 100

With aging and the integumentary system these cells decrease which reduce skins immune responsiveness?

Back 100

Langerhans

Front 101

With aging and the integumentary system there is a decreased size and number of_____glands that cause dry and cracking skin?

Back 101

Sebaceous

Front 102

With aging and the integumentary system there is decreased _____ production which can lead to heat strokes?

Back 102

Sweat

Front 103

With aging and integumentary system there is decreased numbers of functional _____ resulting in gray hair and some enlarge causing age (liver) spots?

Back 103

Melanocytes

Front 104

With aging and the integumentary system hair and nail growth _____ and nails become _____?

Back 104

– Decreases
– Brittle