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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The Kreb's Cycle begins the same as ____ glycolysis but when O2 is present the pyruvate continues on to the Kreb's Cycle and ____ in the _____
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fast
ETC mitochondria |
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____ is the addition of an electron to an atom or molecule
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reduction
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____ is the process of removing an electron
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oxidation
(OIL RIG-->ox is losing reduction is gaining) |
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redox reactions are always ___ and involve the transfer of _____
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coupled
H+ |
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main reaction of krebs cycle is
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pyruvate + NAD +CoA --> AcetylCoA + CO2 + NADH +H
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in the primer step of the kreb's cycle in the presence of oxygen pyruvate from glycolysis is converted to _______
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Acetyl CoA
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Acetyl CoA enters the kreb's cycle and forms ____
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ATP, CO2 and coenzymes (NADH, FADH)
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the fuel source for krebs cycle is _____ it is a continuation of _____ and it is located in the ______
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CHO
slow mito matrix |
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Functions of the Kreb's cycle are
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produce NADH and FADH2 for ETC
make ATP produce CO2 |
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Why does the kreb's cycle spin twice for every slow round of glycolysis?
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2 pyruvates
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a _____ NADH gives an H to FAD in the ____ in the _____ shuttle. 2NADH-->_____+_______. Loss of one potential ATP.
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cytoplasmic
mitochondria glycerol-phosphate 2FADH 4ATP |
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For every NADH produced there are ___ ATP and for every FADH2 produced there are ____ATP
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3
2 |
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in the lactate shuttle a _____ NADH reduced pyruvate to _______ which moves inside the mitochondria, converts back to pyruvate and gives H to ___ in the mitochondria
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cytosolic
lactate NAD+ |
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In the lactate shuttle 2NADH used to reduce 2 NADH to ____ which move into the mito. Then they're converted to 2 mito pyruvate +2NADH which yields ____ ATP
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lactate
6 |
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the lactate shuttle is used more during ____ intensity activity
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high
|
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Is O2 used during the Kreb's cycle?
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Not directly but it is important in the ETC
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How many ATP and NADH do you get from glycolysis when using 1. glucose and 2. glycogen
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1. 2 ATP, 2NADH (4 or 6 ATP from ETC)
2. 3 ATP, 2 NADH (4 or 6 ATP from ETC) |
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How many ATP do you get in the primer step?
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2NADH (3ATP each from ETC)
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What is the final count of ATP in the Kreb's cycle?
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(with primer 2NADH and 6 ATP)
2 ATP 6NADH (3ATP each from ETC) 2 FADH2 (2 ATP each fro mETC) therefore 30 ATP for 2 spins |
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how many ATP from glucose when using lactate shuttle?
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?
|
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how many ATP from glycogen when using GP shuttle?
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?
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the Malate/Aspartate shuttle is mainly for ___ muscle and it transfers electrons to _____
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cardiac
NAD+ |
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what is the function of these NADH shuttles?
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to get cytosolic NADH from glycolysis into the mitochondria
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Protons are pumped through gates _______
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1, 2 and 4 (4 passes e-s to O2)
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NADH enters at gate ___ and can pump ___H
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1
10 |
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FADH2 enters at gate ___ and can pump __H
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2
6 |
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ATP is phosphorylated to ADP + Pi at gate
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5
|
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ETC is continuation of ____ glycolysis and located in the _____. It makes ___ and produces ____.
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slow
inner mito mem ATP H2O |
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ETC sustains ___ minutes of activity such as ____
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2
marathon, basketball game, sitting in class |
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After the electron transport chain there are ____ ATP restored if started with glucose and ____ ATP if started with glycogen
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36 or 38
37 or 39 |
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The purpose of oxygen is to be the _____
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final acceptor of electrons
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