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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anticonvulsants that block Na channels (7)
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Phenytoin
Carbamazepine lamotrigine felbamate valproic acid topiramate zonisamide |
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what order kinetics is PHYT and phosPHYT
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zero
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Adverse effects of PHYT (7)
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Sedation
Gingival hyperplasia Ataxia, nystagmus, diplopia Vit D deficiency --> osteomalacia Hirsutism Folate deficiency --> megaloblastic anemia Teratogenic (fetal hydantoin syndrome) |
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Phenobarb MOA
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GABA booster --> increases the time the Cl- channel stays open
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T/F: PHENO is good for simple partial seizures but not for complex partial seizures
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T
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PHENO adverse effects (4)
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Sedation
p450 inducer increases irritability/hyperactivity in kids agitates and confuses elderly |
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Anticonvulsants that potentiate GABA (7)
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Barbituates
Primidone BZDs Vigabatrin Gabapentin Tiagabine Valproic Acid |
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Top 2 drugs for Partial and Tonic Clonic Seizures
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Carbamazepine and PHYT
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Top 2 drugs to Tx Status Epilepticus
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Diazepam and Lorazepam
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Top 2 drugs for Atonic seizures
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Valproic Acid and Clonazepam
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Top drug for Absence seizures in kids
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Ethosuximide
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Which 2 drugs may actually worsen Absence seizures
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Carbamezapine and PHYT
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Drugs used to Tx partial and generalized Tonic-Clonic seizures (5)
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CARB
PHENO PHYT Primidone Valproic Acid |
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Adjunct Drugs used to Tx partial seizures (shit-ton list)
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Clorazepate
Felbamate Gabapentin Lamotrigine Levetiracetam Tiagabine Topiramate Vigabatrin Zonisamide |
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Drugs for Absence, Myoclonic, or Atonic seizures
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Clonazepam
Ethosuxamide Lamotrigine Valproic Acid |
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Drugs for Status Epilepticus
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Diazepam
Lorazepam Pheno PHYT |
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What is CARB structurally related to
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Imipramine and other TCAs
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CARB MOA
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blocks Na channel
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What is DOC for partial seizures
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CARB
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CARB is also used to Tx T_______ N_______ and B______ disorder
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CARB is also used to Tx Trigeminal Neuralgia and Bipolar disorder
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Adverse effects of CARB (3)
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Diplopia and ataxia (MC)
p450 inducer Aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis |
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Valproic Acid (VA) MOA
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GABA booster
Na channel blocker Blocks T-type Ca++ channels |
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3 big time uses for VA
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Absence sz especially if tonic-clonic sz's present
complex partial sz myoclonic sz |
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Adverse effects of VA (4)
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liver failure
CNS and GI effects VA inhibits its own metabolism Highly protein bound |
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Primidone is structurally similar to what other anticonvulsant/sedative
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Pheno
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Vigabatrin MOA
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indirect GABA booster
it irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase |
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Vigabatrins claim to fame and most effectively used in what sz
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partial sz
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Gabapentin MOA
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may alter GABA metabolism or interferes with voltage gated Ca++ channels
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Are there many drug interaxns with Gabapentin
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NO --> not protein bound
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2 uses for Gabapentin
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Adjunct of partial sz's
Neuropathic pain (DM and postherpetic) |
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Lamotrigine MOA
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blocks Na channels
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Is lamotrigine used by itself or as part of adjunctive therapy
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adjunctive
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What type sz's is lamotrigine good for?
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refractory partial sz's
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Really bad side effect of lamotrigine
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Steven's Johnson especially in kids less than 16
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Tiagabine MOA
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blocks reuptake of GABA --> increases inhibitory GABA effect
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Tiagabine used in adjunctive p______ seizures
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partial
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Felbamate MOA
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blocks the increase in frequency of NMDA receptor channel opening
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Felbamate is used to treat what special type of sz?
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Lennox-Gastaut
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Bad side effects of Felbamate
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aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure
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Levetiracetam MOA
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alters inhibitory and excitatory NT's
in redneck speak i think that means they're not really sure |
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Levetiracetam uses
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adjunctive therapy or partial sz's
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Zonisamide MOA
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blocks Na channels and T-type Ca++ channels
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Zonisamide use
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adjunctive management of partial sz's in adults >16 w/ epilepsy
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What drug allergy would you not use Zonisamide in?
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Sulfonamide allergy
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Topiramate MOA (3)
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reduces Na currents
activates a hyperpolarizing K+ current boosts GABA-a receptor currents |
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Topiramate uses (3)
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refractory partial sz's
refractory tonic-clonic sz's migraine prophylaxis |
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Topramate adverse effects
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Drowsiness
dizziness ataxia |
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Is absence sz a disorder of childhood or adulthood
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childhood
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Name 4 drugs used for absence sz's
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Ethosuximide
Valproic Acid Clonazepam Lamotrigine |
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MC drug used for absence sz's
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Ethosux
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Ethosux MOA
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reduces T-type Ca++ current
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Ethosux adverse effects
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GI upset
drowsiness |
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Anticonvulsants that reduce the T-type Ca++ current (4)
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Ethosux
VA Lamotrigine Zonisamide |
