Knighttime 26

Front 1

Roosevelt’s Personality

Back 1

Cheerful personality brought him success. He had infectious optimism and used radio to communicate to the nation

Front 2

“Bank Holiday”

Emergency Banking Act

Back 2

Created sense of relief after panic of backs closing

Protected large banks from weakness of smaller ones, Federal assistance provided

Front 3

Prohibition Repealed

Back 3

Roosevelt legalizes manufacturing and sale of beer with a 3.2% alcohol content. Twenty-first amendment already in the writing process

Front 4

AAA

Back 4

Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Told farmers how much to produce and paid subsidies if portions of land were kept idle

Front 5

Rural Electrification

Back 5

created in 1935, made electric power available for thousands of farmers through utility coops.

Front 6

NRA

“Blanket Code”

Back 6

National Recovery Administration. Directed by Hugh S. Johnson.

minimum wage of 30-40 cents, maximum work week of 35-40 hours, abolished child labor

Front 7

Section 7(a)

Back 7

Promised the right to form unions and engage in collective bargaining, influenced workers to join unions for the first time, Downfall= no enforcement mechanisms

Front 8

TVA

Back 8

Tennessee Valley Authority- Most celebrated New Deal accomplishment. Authorized dam completion at Muscle Shoals and build more dams in region. Developed water resources into cheap electrical power. Stopped Tennessee Valley flooding

Front 9

Glass-Steagall Act

Back 9

Gave authority to government to stop irresponsibility speculation on banks. Established FDIC, which insures deposits up to $2500 (now $100,000)

Front 10

SEC

Back 10

Securities and Exchange Commission- June 1934, policed stock market and indicated how far the financial establishment had fallen, led to many criminal trials

Front 11

CWA

Back 11

Civil Works Administration, created 4 million temporary jobs such as road, school, and park construction. Pumped money into the economy

Front 12

CCC

Back 12

Civilian Conservative Corps- Roosevelt’s favorite relief project. Provided jobs for millions of young, single men, who camped in national parks and worked semi militarily to plant trees, build reservoirs, parks, and agricultural irrigation

Front 13

Federal Housing Administration

Back 13

Insure mortgages for new construction and home repairs

Front 14

American Liberty League

Back 14

Public opposition to New Deal Policies, called them “dictatorial” policies and attacks on free enterprise

Front 15

Townsend Plan

Back 15

All Americans over 60 would get $200 monthly pensions if they retired. It would free up jobs for younger generations. Plan behind Social Security System

Front 16

Huey Long

Back 16

powerful politician. Progressive accomplishments as Gov of Louisiana. Wanted wealth redistribution. Went to congress and established Share-Our-Wealth- Society. Killed violently and led to the winning of the Democratic Party in 1936

Front 17

National Labor Relation Board

Back 17

enforcement mechanism for Section 7(a). Had the legal power to force employers to recognize unions and bargain with legitimate unions

Front 18

Industrial Unionism

Back 18

all workers in single industry under single union

Front 19

AFL

Back 19

American Federation of Labor- committed to craft union on basis of skill

Front 20

CIO

Back 20

Congress of Industrial Organizations- rivaled American Federation of Labor- more receptive to women and blacks and more militant. Let in unskilled workers

Front 21

Sit-Down Strike

Back 21

Employees sat in plants and refused to work or leave until demands met. Happened at General Motors Plant in Detroit, Michigan. Company was not allowed to use strikebreakers.

Front 22

Organized Labor’s Rapid Growth

Back 22

8 million workers in unions in 1937 and by 1941 expanded to 10 million workers

Front 23

Unemployment Insurance

Back 23

employers would finance to make it possible for laid off workers to receive temporary government assistance

Front 24

WPA

Back 24

Works Progress Administration established system of work relief for the unemployed

Front 25

Alf Landon

Back 25

Republican Party nominee, governor of Kansas. Election of 1936

Front 26

Court Packing

Back 26

Roosevelt proposed overhaul of the federal court system. Add up to six new chief justices because the court was overworked and needed new blood.

Front 27

Roosevelt Recession

Back 27

1937. Direct result of reduced government spending. Increased government spending to put money into economy

Front 28

End of the New Deal

Back 28

1938 Congressional opposition made it difficult for new plans to pass. World crisis beginning (WWII)

Front 29

“Black Cabinet”

Back 29

President Roosevelt appointed blacks to significant second-level position. Wanted to include blacks in all New Deal programs

Front 30

Existing Discrimination Reinforced

Back 30

New Deal relief reinforced existing discrimination. There were no efforts in stopping the inequality.

Front 31

John Collier

Back 31

commissioner of Indian affairs. Promoted culture relativism and legislation to assimilate Native Americans

Front 32

Indian Reorganization Act

Back 32

restored tribes the right to own land collectively. Possessed only land whites did not want

Front 33

Establishment of the “Broker State”

Back 33

New Deal liberals called the economy they created a “Broker State”, elevated and strengthened new interest groups to allow them to compete in the national market, federal governor

Front 34

Symbolic Gains for Women

Back 34

Frances Perkins appointed Secretary of Labor, first women in a presidential cabinet. Also appointed more than 100 women to lower positions. Influenced by Eleanor Roosevelt who was a big women’s rights activist

Front 35

Failure to Challenge Jim Crow

Back 35

New Deal programs accepted existing prejudice and racism and did nothing to challenges the precedents

Front 36

New Deal’s Legacy in the West

Back 36

Government kept greater presence in West than any other region, economic development after World War II possible because of this presence

Front 37

Failure to Achieve Recovery

Back 37

New Deal failed to revive or recover the economy. World War II sparked economic boom and ended crisis.

Front 38

Important Effects of New Deal

Back 38

Helped elevate new groups that would not have been able to compete in the market, contributed to western economic development, increased federal authority to regulate economic growth, established basis for federal fiscal policies, and created basis for federal welfare state

Front 39

Federal Welfare State Established

Back 39

New Deal created welfare system that would develop and grow to offer public assistants to citizens in need. Did reinforce gender and racial discrimination in the beginning

Front 40

New Government Expectations

Back 40

New Deal rebuilt Democratic Party into a strong political party; voters became more concerned with economy because it was a main importance instead of cultural concerns from the 1920’s.