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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 processes of urine formation?
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golmerular filtration
tubular absorption tubular secretion |
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What does filtrate contain?
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all plasma except proteins and cells
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What does urine contain?
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undesirable portion of the plasma
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Purpose of regulating the golmerular filtration rate?
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protective to the kidney, need to keep rate relatively constant
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Tubuloglomerular feedback?
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macula densa releases chemicals that regulate arteriole diamter
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What does macula densa do when there is a high amount of filtrate flow?
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release ATP that causes constriction of afferent arteriole
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What does macula densa do when there is a slow amount of filtrate flow?
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release nitric oxide to cause dilation of afferent arteriole
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Purpose of tubular reabsorption?
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prevents loss of blood components
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What does active reabsorption involve? 2
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secondary active transport with Na+
Tm-transport maximum |
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What does passive reabsorption involve? 3
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-movement of ions along electrochemical gradient established by Na+
-obligatory water movement -solvent drag |
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What are the non-reabsorbed substances? 3
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urea
creatinine uric acid |
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Where is the most metabolites reabsorbed?
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proximal convoluted tubule
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What is mainly involved in tubular secretion?
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proximal convoluted tubule
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What does tubular secrete? 3
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K+, NH4+, other acids
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What regulated urine volume?
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countercurrent mechanism
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What tubes form the countercurrent mechanism? 2
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loop of henle
vasa recta |
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What does the descending limb of loop lose?
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water
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What does the ascending limb of loop lose?
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Na
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What does the collecting duct lose?
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urea
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Role of vasa recta?
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absorb material from loop, collecting duct
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Role of ADH in collecting duct?
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increase water permeability
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Amount of ADH in dilute urine?
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little or no ADH
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Amount of ADH in concentrated urine?
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with ADH
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Renal clearance?
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volume of plasma from which substance is cleared per minute
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What causes yellow urine?
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hemoglobin breakdown
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What causes urine odor?
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urea and bacteria
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pH of urine?
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6
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