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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motor Unit?
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single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it supplies
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Muscle Twitch?
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response of a muscle to a single threshold stimulus
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What are the 3 phases of a muscle twitch?
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latency
contraction relaxation |
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What are the 2 ways Muscle Contraction can be graded?
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changing the frequency of stimulation
changing the strength of stimulation |
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Temporal Summation?
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increase rate of stimulus delivery
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Tetany summation?
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no relaxation
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Multiple Motor Unit Summation?
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controls the force of contraction more precisely
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Treppe?
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warm up effect
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Isotonic contraction?
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same tension, changing length
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Concentric (isotonic)?
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shorten
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Eccentric (isotonic)?
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lengthen
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Isometric?
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same length, changing force
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Isokinetic?
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same speed with controlled angular velocity of joint
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What are the non-contractile elements of muscle? 4
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connective tissue
tendons organelles sarcolemma |
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What are the supporting proteins in muscle?
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titin
nebulin |
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Goal of internal tension?
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overcome noncontractile elements
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Goal of External tension?
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overcome actual load
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Characteristics of Slow Oxidative Fibers? 7
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-slow ATP-ase
-contracts slowly -has alot of myoglobin -many capillaries -mitochondria -Oxygen dependent -endurance |
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Characteristics of Fast Glycolytic Fibers? 5
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fast ATPase
-contracts rapidly -less myoglobin -not dependent on oxygen -little endurance |
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Fast Oxidative Glycolytic fiber? 4
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fast ATPase
little endurance some dependence on oxygen high myoglobin |
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Innervation of smooth muscle?
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autonomic nervous system
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Nerve endings of smooth muscle?
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bulbous varicosities
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What is the connective tissue in smooth muscle?
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endomysium
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What does the sarcoplasmic reticulum contain?
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caveoli
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Ratio of thick:thin filaments in smooth muscle?
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1:16
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What dies thick filaments contain: smooth muscle?
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myosin
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What does thin filaments contain: smooth muscle? 2
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actin
tropomyosin |
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What are the 2 types of smooth muscle?
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single unit
multi unit |
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Single unit? 2
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cells contract as a unit
gap junctions allow current flow directly |
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Mutli unit? 5
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muscle fibers that are independent of one another
rare gap junctions rare spontaneous AP respond to hormones have autonmic nervous system innervation |
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What are the neurotransmitters in smooth muscle? 2
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acetlcholine
norepinephrine |
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Length tension in smooth muscle?
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stretch stimulates contraction
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Hyperplasia in smooth muscle?
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increase # of cells
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Secretion in smooth muscle?
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secrete elastin and collagen of connective tissue
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