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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much higher is the mortality rate if obese when a child? |
1.5 times greater for females and males |
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Life threatening obesity health risks? |
Major ones: cardiovascular disease, coronary artery disease, DIABETES, cancer |
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Where should fat be stored optimally? |
Below the waist (pear body type). In the trunk region, optimal fat level is low visceral fat and low subcutaneous fat. Highest risk is high visceral fat. |
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How much does obesity cost the economy? |
$4.3 billion --> 1.6 in direct costs (hospital care, drugs, physician care, etc.), 2.7 in indirect costs (value of activity days due to loss of life early; what they could have made). |
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Factors influencing obesity? |
Higher caloric intake than expenditure, genetic factors (body size and shape, where they store fat, metabolism), physiological factors (hormones and resting metabolic rate), and lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, psychological factors). |
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Leptin's job? |
It is a hormone that increase metabolism, decreases appetite. Circulating leptin correlates with amount of adipose tissue. |
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Psychological Factor Behind Weight Problems? |
Food impacts emotions (bored, sad, frustrated, tired, etc.), as well as cravings and food preferences that have come about from evolution, culture, environmental factors. |
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Setpoint Theory |
A set point of weight in which your body is naturally inclined to maintain. |
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Pharmacotheraphy |
Appetite suppressant such as catecholamines & serotonin. Fat blocker, ex. orlistat prevents absorption of fat in food. Side effect is diarrhea and cramping. |
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Surgery |
Liposuction = removing fat by aspiration after injection of saline. Bariatric Surgery = surgical alteration of the GI tract. a) Restrictive: reduce caloric intake via making the stomach smaller. b) malabsorptive: shortening the length of functional small intestine. |
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Healthy Weight Loss Per Week? |
3500 kcals/week = 1lbs 7000 kcals/week = 2lbs 1-2 lbs per week. |
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Proper Diet Protocol? |
High complex (unrefined) carbs, modest polyunsaturated (omega-3s) and monounsaturated fats delay hunger. No added sugar. Glycemic index of fruits is high but the glycemic LOAD is lower |
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Factors Affecting Food Choices? |
Sensory perception of taste --> Hedonic liking or disliking response --> food preferences --> food selection --> food consumption--> nutritional status Education level and income affects food selection. |
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Factors Affecting food preferences |
Kids: innate (natural |
