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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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34. Plants
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a. ~ 300,000 species
b. oldest are 500 million yo c. Photoautotrophs d. Multicellular always e. Aternation of generation- one body form and one part of life cycle is haploid and one body form and part of life cycle will be diploid f. Embryophytes-embryo of the diploid plant is nurtured by food i. Have nulticellular embryo dependent on parent plant |
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35. Plant structure: life on land
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a. Support
b. Nutrients in soil and air, not water c. Avoiding dessication (drying out) i. Cuticle- impervious to water and gasses ii. Stomata- organelles in leaves that hold CO2 in pore d. Transport of water and nutrients i. Vascular tissue 1. transport water from roots-xylem 2. transport sugar from photosynthesis-phloem e. Avoid water for reproduction i. This occurred in the steps culminating in the evolution of the SED |
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36. Alternation of generations
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a. Two multicellular generations
i. Gametophyte 1. multicellular 2. haploid (n) 3. ovary ii. Sporophyte 1. multicellular 2. diploid (2n) 3. produces spores- a. grow up to be gametophyte b. Sporophytes dependent on gametophyte (Mosses) c. Large sporophyte and small, independent gametophyte (ferns) d. Reduced gametophyte dependent on sporophyte (seed plants) e. If trees are sporophytes.. i. Ovary-meiosis- gametophyte ii. Anther- meiosis- male gametophyte pollen |
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37. Flowers
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a. Spore
i. Produced by sporophyte b. Ovary- i. site of meiosis that produces female gametophyte c. Anther i. Site of meiosis that produces the male gemetophytee d. Pollen |
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38. Bryophytes
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a. Mosses and liverworts
b. Key innovation-cuticle c. Gametophyte dominant d. Lack vascular tissue e. Need water for fertilization f. Moist habitats |
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39. Seedless vascular plants
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a. Ferns and horsetails
b. Sporophyte dominant c. Gametophyte independent (underground close-by not attached) d. Key innovation: vascular tissue e. But still need Water for fertilization |
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40. Gymnosperms
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a. Conifers, ginkos, cycads
b. Sporophyte dominant i. Gametophyte tiny ii. Pollen c. Don’t need water for pollination and fertilization d. Key innovation: dispersal via seeds “baby in box w/ lunch) |
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41. Angiosperms
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a. Flowering plants
b. Sporophyte dominant i. Gametophyte tine ii. Male pollen iii. Female w/in flower c. Key innovation: Flowers and Fruits d. Flowers i. Structure condusive or not to mode of pollination e. Fruits i. Fruits are largely mature ovaries ii. Nutrition for the seed to mature iii. Fruits also aid in dispersal |
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sporophyte
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spore-producing body that grows by mitotic cell divisions from a fertilized egg.
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germ layers
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any of three cellular layers, the ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm into which most animal embryos differentiate and from which the organs and the tissues of the body develop through different differntiation
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