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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Loading
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When applied forces act on our body assuming the segments are rigid. The body can change shape.
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Stress
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When forces act on a structure to load that structure, the force is distributed to over an area within the structure.
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Strain
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The amount of deformation.
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Deformation
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When an applied force acts on an object, the material can change shape.
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Plastic Behavior
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When the forces are removed, the material does not return fully, or at all, to its original shape.
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Elastic behavior
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When the forces are removed, the material usually returns to its original shape.
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Yield Point
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When deformation results in this permanent change in shape in the plastic region, the material has exceeded it's elastic limit.
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Mechanical Failure Point
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When forces are so great that the material breaks or results in a loss of continuity.
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Factors that affect the yield point and mechanical Failure Point of tissue
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Magnitude of loading.
Direction of loading. Frequency of loading. Duration of loading. Type of material. Cross-sectional area that is loaded. |
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Hysteresis
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Ability of an object or structure to "absorb" kinetic energy.
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Coefficient of Restitution
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Ability of an object or structure to "store" potential energy.
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Wolff's Law
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Tissues will change and adapt to the various forces placed on them.
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Modeling
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The adequate mechanical loading that results in appropriate strain to tissues is an important part of the growth and repair process.
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Remodeling
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Consistent, moderate intensity loading will lead to a cyclic process of tissue maintenance.
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Atrophy
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If loading is so inadequate (under loaded), then atrophy occurs.
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Hypertrophy (Overload Principle)
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Appropriate systemic (over) loading that results in modeling of tissue is what this principle is all about.
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Trauma
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If loading is excessive in magnitude, duration, or frequency (overstressed), then trauma may occur to the tissue.
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Compression
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A pressing or squeezing force directed axial through the body.
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Tension
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A pulling or stretching force acting axial through the body.
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Bending
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Application of atleast 3 non-aligned forces in atleast 2 opposing directions.
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Torsion
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Oppositional twisting forces about the same axis.
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Shearing
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Two opposing forces with different lines of action.
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Combined Loading
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Depending on the type of activity, loading can occur as a single stress, or in combination.
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Collagen
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Very stiff under tension.
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Elastin
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Very extensible under tension.
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Ground Substance
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Substance that contains collagen and elastin.
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Minerals
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Ca, Mg, K, P, etc...
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Water
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H2O, we are mainly composed of it.
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