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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anxiety |
Anxiety is negative emotional state with feelings of worry, nervousness, and apprehension associated with activation or arousal of the body |
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Arousal |
Arousal is a blend of physiological and psychological activation, varying in intensity along a continuum could be pleasant or unpleasant |
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2 types of anxiety Cognitive state Somatic state |
- Thoughts, has negative thoughts - Physical activation, moment-to-moment changes perceived physiological activation. perception of change |
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Trait anxiety State arousal State anxiety *dependent on perspective!! anxiety and arousal could be good |
-an acquired behavioral disposition that influences behavior -deep sleep to intense excitement -refers to the ever changing mood component |
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Stress |
Stress occurs when perceived or actual demands meet or exceed perceived or actual resources available to meet demand |
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Types of stress Which one is more detrimental |
-Life event Stress -Daily hassles -Daily hassles because they are frequent |
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Life event stress |
New job, death in family, moving to new city Sport specific = new head coach, death or career-ending injury of teammate |
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Daily hassles |
Co-worker issues, commuting Sport specific = lack of team cohesion, negative coaching style, poor training facilities |
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4 stage stress process Stage 1 and 2 - Stress Inoculation Training – change the environment to train perception, response, and behavior (all learned skills) |
1. Environmental demand (Physical and psychological 2. Individuals perception of the environ demand (Amount of psychological or physical "threat" perceived) 3. Stress response (Phys and psych, arousal, state anxiety, muscle tension, attention changes) 4. Behavioral consequences (performance or outcome) |
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Measuring arousal/ anxiety CSAI SCAT |
-Competitive State Anxiety Inventory -Sport Competition Trait Anxiety Test |
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Arousal and performance Theories |
1. Drive theory 2.Social facilitation theory 3. Inverted U theory 4. IZOF 5. Multidimensional Anxiety theory 6.Catastrophe Model 7. Reversal Theory |
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Drive theory Billy Donovan getting his team pumped |
-Direct, linear relationship between arousal and performance -As one’s arousal or state anxiety increases, so too does performance |
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Social Facilitation theory |
-The presence of others can increase arousal and elicit the dominant response -Performing well-learned skills, increased arousal facilitates performance - Performing difficult skills, increased arousal inhibits performance |
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Inverted U Hypothesis |
There is an “optimal” point of arousal and performance |
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IZOF |
Individualized Zones of Optimal Functioning -people have different levels at which they perform best |
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Multidimensional Anxiety Theory |
Type of state anxiety not addressed in IZOF Somatic state anxiety (i.e., physiological) and cognitive state anxiety (i.e., worry) affect performers differently |
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Catastrophe Model Ex. Jean van der Velde1999 British Open Golf Championship. Ahead by 2 strokes |
-If athlete not worried (i.e., has low cognitive state anxiety) -If athlete is worried (i.e., has high cognitive state anxiety) -Arousal meets threshold then “goes over the edge” -Performance suffers dramatically |
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Reversal Theory ex. David Akers and field goal |
-Depends on interpretation of arousal level -Can be interpreted as pleasant (excitement) or as unpleasant (anxiety) |
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Anxiety Direction & Intensity |
-direction- interpretation of anxiety as facilitating or debilitating -how much anxiety one feels Viewing anxiety as facilitative leads to superior performance Depends on how much control the person perceives |
