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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What one’s quality of life?
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Objective and subjective evaluations of the goodness of one’s life overall, and the goodness of all the various domains that make up one’s life
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2. What is “objective” quality of life?
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Quantifiable; expressed by a third party
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3. What is “subjective” quality of life?
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Individual perceptions
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4. What are the components of one’s quality of life?
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•Psychological Health: depression, anxiety, hope, tanquility
•Physical Health: aerobic fitness, balance, flexibility •Level of Independence •Spirituality •Environment •Social Relationships: involvement with the community and social groups, spousal obligations |
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5. What is health-related quality of life?
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The goodness of those dimensions of life that can be affected by health and health interventions, such as one’s physical function, emotional well-being, and the ability to fulfill family and other social roles
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6. Why is health related quality of life (HRQL) important to exercise psychologists?
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•Important index of treatment effectiveness: important to gauge a broad range of psychological and social effects of exercise.
•Improvements are recognized as an important benefit of exercise: clinicians and health promoters no longer recommend exercise solely for physical values; they also endorse it to enhance HRQL |
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7. What doe s the quality-adjusted life years approach (QALY) calculate?
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A numeric value that indicates the quality of one’s remaining years of life
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8. What are 2 limitations of the QALY?
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•Health economists’ use of costs-benefits analysis
•Lack of a relationship between QALY scores and individual’s perceptions of HRQL |
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9. What are 2 subjective approaches to measuring HRQL?
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1. Functioning
Example: Over the past week, how happy have you felt? 2. Satisfaction with functioning Example: Over the past week, how satisfied have you been with the amount of happiness you have felt? Bottom line for HRQL: perception is reality |
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10. How does personality influence HRQL?
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1. Optimism vs Negativism. Example: open heart surgery patients recover differently depending on their outlook
2. Extra-version vs Neuroticism: high quality of life vs low quality of life (Extra-version = social / Neuroticism = worry, lonely) |
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11. How do personal beliefs influence HRQL?
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1. Control Beliefs – how much control people have over aspects of their illness, its treatment, and the ability to care for oneself
2. Religious and spiritual beliefs – associated with physical, social and psychological well-being; people who are more spiritual have a better quality of life |
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12. How do personal values influence HRQL?
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Value that one places on a particular life domain
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13. What 5 dimensions of HRQL are most affected by exercise training programs?
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1. Perceptions of physical functioning
Among elderly and patient populations Example: 12 week walking program for adults with arthritis 2. Perceptions of Health Status Positively related to perceptions of health and symptom severity Alleviate uncomfortable side-effects of chemo and other treatments 3. Perceptions of emotional well-being Decreases in depression, anxiety, and stress; increases in positive affect Study of cardiac rehab patients; exercise and education vs control 4. Perceptions of social functioning Frail elderly men and women reported greater functioning after a regular exercise program; health less likely to interfere with social activities 5. Perceptions cognitive functioning Improvement of objective indices (indicators) of cognitive performance in special populations Unclear of the effects on memory loss re recall |
