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28 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
the energy yileding breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid or lactic acid
glycolysis
the extraction of energy through anaerobic degradation of substances into simpler reduced metabolites
fermentatoin
the breakdown of complex compounds into simpler substances
catabolism
the energy consuming process of incoporating nutrients into protoplasm through biosynthesis
anabolism
process in which inorganic phosphate is addded to a comound
phosphorylatoin
respiration in which the final electron acceptor in the ETC is oxygren
aerobic respiration
respiration in which the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is an inorganic molecule containing sulfate, ntrate, nitrite, carbonate
anaerobic respiration
a method for detecting mutagenic and potentially carcinogenic agents baased upon genetic alteration of nutritionally defective bacteria
AMEs test
the complete set of chromosomes and genes in an organism
genome
a DNA segement with an insertion squence at each end, enabling it to migrate to another plasmid
tranposomns
the nucleic acid often referred to as the "double helix"
DNA
a permant inheritable alterion in the DNA sequence or content of a cell
mutation
in bacteria, the contact between donor and recpiient cells , associated with the transfer of genetic material such as plasmids, can invloves ex pili
conjugation
in microbial genetics, the transefer of genetic material contained ina nake DNA framgent from a donor cell to a competent recipient cell
trasformation
the transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another by the means of a bacteriophage vector
transduction
a technology, also know as genetic engineering, that deliberately modfies the genetic structure of an organsim to create noel prodcues, microbes, animals, plants, and viruses
recombinant DNA
short strands of single stranded nucleic acid that hybridize spefically with complementary stretches of nucleotdies ona test sample. and therefby seve as a tagging and indification device
gene probes
a lab. technique for separating DNA fragments according to length by emplying electrice to force the dna through agar. smaller move farther
gel electrophoresis
an enzyme present naturally in cells that cleaves specific locations on DNa. used to splice genes in genetic engineering
rectrion endonucleases
a word, ver, number or stente that reads the same forward and backword.
palindrome
a technique that amplifies segments of DNa for testing. Using denaturation, primers, and heat ristand DNA polymerase, the number can be increased several million fold
PCR
genetically identical population of genes
cloning
a pattern of restrction enzyme fragments which is unique for an individual organism
DNA fingerprinting
to clean inanimate objects using soap and degerming agents
santization
the destruction of pathogenic nosporulating microbes or their toxxans, usually inanimate sufraces
disinfection
a growth inhbitiing agent used on tissues to prevent infection
antispetic
the lowest temp that achieves sterlization in a givent quanting in 10 minues
therman death point
the least time required to kill all cellls of a culture at a specified temperature
thermal death time