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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the energy yileding breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid or lactic acid
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glycolysis
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the extraction of energy through anaerobic degradation of substances into simpler reduced metabolites
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fermentatoin
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the breakdown of complex compounds into simpler substances
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catabolism
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the energy consuming process of incoporating nutrients into protoplasm through biosynthesis
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anabolism
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process in which inorganic phosphate is addded to a comound
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phosphorylatoin
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respiration in which the final electron acceptor in the ETC is oxygren
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aerobic respiration
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respiration in which the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is an inorganic molecule containing sulfate, ntrate, nitrite, carbonate
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anaerobic respiration
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a method for detecting mutagenic and potentially carcinogenic agents baased upon genetic alteration of nutritionally defective bacteria
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AMEs test
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the complete set of chromosomes and genes in an organism
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genome
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a DNA segement with an insertion squence at each end, enabling it to migrate to another plasmid
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tranposomns
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the nucleic acid often referred to as the "double helix"
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DNA
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a permant inheritable alterion in the DNA sequence or content of a cell
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mutation
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in bacteria, the contact between donor and recpiient cells , associated with the transfer of genetic material such as plasmids, can invloves ex pili
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conjugation
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in microbial genetics, the transefer of genetic material contained ina nake DNA framgent from a donor cell to a competent recipient cell
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trasformation
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the transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another by the means of a bacteriophage vector
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transduction
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a technology, also know as genetic engineering, that deliberately modfies the genetic structure of an organsim to create noel prodcues, microbes, animals, plants, and viruses
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recombinant DNA
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short strands of single stranded nucleic acid that hybridize spefically with complementary stretches of nucleotdies ona test sample. and therefby seve as a tagging and indification device
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gene probes
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a lab. technique for separating DNA fragments according to length by emplying electrice to force the dna through agar. smaller move farther
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gel electrophoresis
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an enzyme present naturally in cells that cleaves specific locations on DNa. used to splice genes in genetic engineering
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rectrion endonucleases
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a word, ver, number or stente that reads the same forward and backword.
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palindrome
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a technique that amplifies segments of DNa for testing. Using denaturation, primers, and heat ristand DNA polymerase, the number can be increased several million fold
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PCR
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genetically identical population of genes
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cloning
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a pattern of restrction enzyme fragments which is unique for an individual organism
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DNA fingerprinting
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to clean inanimate objects using soap and degerming agents
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santization
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the destruction of pathogenic nosporulating microbes or their toxxans, usually inanimate sufraces
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disinfection
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a growth inhbitiing agent used on tissues to prevent infection
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antispetic
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the lowest temp that achieves sterlization in a givent quanting in 10 minues
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therman death point
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the least time required to kill all cellls of a culture at a specified temperature
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thermal death time
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