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86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acronym
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Word created from the first letters of a series of words
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Active listening
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Nonverbal communication that indicated the listener had heard the message and concerns of the patient
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I P P A
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I: Inspection
P: Palpation P: Percussion A: Auscultation |
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Closed question |
Question that can be answered with one word
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Directive statement
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Statement that guides the listener in discussing topics as directed
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Layperson
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Nonmedical person
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Medical jargon
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Terminology and abbreviations used in medicine that are not readily understood by layperson
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Open-ended question
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Question that required more than one-worded answer
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Problem-oriented medical record
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System of documentation the includes the database, problem list, plan and progress note
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Rapport
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Empathetic relationship
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Redirecting
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Guiding the patient back to relevant subject matter
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Reflecting
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Validating the patient's feelings and concerns
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Restating
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Reworking a statement to check for accuracy
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Silence
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Communication strategy that allows the patient time to process information and formulate a response
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Source-oriented medical record
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System of documentation that includes a note for each patient visit, arranged in reverse chronological order
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Summarizing
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Clarifying the patient's key issues
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What do you do for a talkative patient?
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Set clear expectations, ask closed-ended questions, restate the message and redirect
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What do you do for a quiet patient?
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Use open-ended questions, practice wording questions ahead of time, use directive statements
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Apnea
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Temporary absence of breathing
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Auscultatory gap
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Disappearance of tapping sounds during phase 2 of a B P measurement
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Bradypnea
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Abnormally slow breathing
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Core temperature
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Temperature within the body's deep internal structures
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Diastolic pressure
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B P between heart contractions
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Diurnal rhythm
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Normal daily cyclic fluctuation in body temperature
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Dyspnea
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Labored or difficult breathing
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Expiration
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The act of exhaling
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External respiration
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Movement of air into and out of the lungs
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Homeostasis
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State of equilibrium in the body
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Hyperventilation
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Increased ventilation resulting in a higher blood pH
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Inspiration
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The act of inhaling
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Korotkoff sounds
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Sounds heard when auscultating B P
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Point of maximal impulse
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Point on the chest wall at which cardiac contractions are best seen or felt
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Postural Vital signs
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Vital signs preformed to test for orthostatic hypotension
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Pulse deficit
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Difference between the apical pulse and radical pulse
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Pulse pressure
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Difference between systolic and diastolic pressures
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Sleep apnea
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Temporary cessation of breathing during sleep
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Sphygmomanometer
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Blood pressure cuff
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Systolic pressure
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Tension exerted against arterial walls during ventricular contraction and represented by the top number in a blood pressure
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Tachycardia
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Abnormally fast heart rate
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Tachypnea
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Abnormally rapid breathing
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Central Nervous System
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C N S
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Continuous Fever
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Fever that fluctuates slightly yet remains consistently above normal
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Intermittent Fever
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Fever that fluctuated widely between relatively high levels to normal or even subnormal levels
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Remittent Fever
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Fever that fluctuates widely, yet remains above normal until it finally resolves
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What are the different types of thermometers?
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Oral, Rectal, Temporal, Tympanic, Axillary
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What is the normal range for Body temperature?
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97.5 and 99.5 degrees F (36.4 to 37.3 degrees C) and averaged at 98.6 degrees F (37 degrees C)
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Supine
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Supine is on your spine; Used to examine breasts, anterior chest, heart, abdomen and lower extremities
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Dorsal Recumbent Position
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On Back with knees bent; used to examine rectal and vaginal areas
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What are the pulse sites?
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Superficial temporal, External Maxillary, Carotid, brachial, Ulnar, Radial, Femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedis, Posterior
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Sim's Position
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Laying on stomach with one leg at a sharp 90 degree angle while the other one is straight; Used for rectal exams, and suppositories
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Lithotomy Position
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Patient is laying on back with legs in footrests; used for Pap smears
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Semi-Fowler's position
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Sitting at a 45 degree angle; Used to examine chest, heart
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Fowler's Position
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Sitting at 90 degrees; patient is short of breath,, used to exam chest, lungs, nose and throat
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What is a normal pulse for a newborn?
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160 Beats per minute
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What is a normal pulse for an Adult?
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60 beats per minute
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Trendelenberg Position
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Laying ob back with head 30 degrees lower than the rest of the body; Used to get blood to the brain
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Knee-chest position
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Patient is on hands and knees with butt in the air; Used for rectal exams
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Jack-knife positions
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Patients body is shaped like a W; used for male exams and is rarely done anywhere but in a urology department
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What are the normal respiratory rates?
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Newborn; 30 to 60 Breaths/minute
Infant; 30 to 50 breaths/minute Toddler; 25 to 30 breaths/minute Child; 20 to 30 breaths/minute Adolescent; 16 to 19 breaths/minute Adult; 12-20 breaths/minute |
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Korotkoff Sounds
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Phase 1: sharp tapping
Phase 2: swishing or murmuring Phase 3: Louder, crisper, tapping Phase 4: Softer, fainter, more muffles Phase 5: no sound |
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What is the average B P range?
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120/80 mm Hg to 140/90 mm Hg
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Oxygen Saturation
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SpO2
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What are the normal adult values for SpO2?
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95% to 100%
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Auscultation
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Method of listening to the body sounds with a stethoscope
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Inspection
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Process of gathering information about the patient through observation
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Manipulation
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Application of though to assess joint symmetry and passive R O M or the therapeutic application of force to increase mobility and realign dislocated joints
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Mensuration
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Measurement of body parts, including height, length, and circumference
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Palpation
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Examination of the patient's body by touching it with the hands and pads of the fingers
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Percussion
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Tapping on the body surface with the fingers or a small hammer and noting the sound elicited to determine the position, size or density of underlying structures
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Skin turgor
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Resistance of the skin to deformation when grasped between the fingers that is used to assess the state of hydration
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What are the three parts of the interviewing process?
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Initiation, body and summary
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What are the obstacles/things to avoid to be an effective interviewer?
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DO NOT offer opinions and advice, offer false reassurance, use technical language, talk to much, ask judgmental question
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Past Medical History (P M H)
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Immunizations, allergies, prior surgeries, past or current diseases
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Family history ( F H )
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Health information about parents, siblings and children
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Social History (S H)
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Patient's occupations, hobbies, lifestyle
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S O M R
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Source oriented medical record
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P O M R
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Problem oriented medical record
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S O A P or S O A P E
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Subjective
Objective Assessment Plan of care Evaluation |
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What are the two ways to disinfect thermometers?
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70 percent isopropyl alcohol or 1:100 bleach
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Carbon Dioxide
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CO2
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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C O P D
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Light-emitting diode
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L E D
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What are the purposes of Physical Examinations?
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History taking, Physical examination and Diagnostic testing
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How are Infants measured in height?
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Laying down and the measurement is recorded as length in centimeters
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How are toddlers measured in height?
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Standing
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How are adults measured?
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Standing and measured in feet and inches
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