Key Players From The Enlightenment

Front 1

Voltaire birthplace

Back 1

Paris, France

Front 2

Voltaire's position

Back 2

Philosopher

Front 3

Voltaire published _______.

Back 3

More than 70 books of political essays, philosophy, and drama.

Front 4

Voltaire used _______ against his enemies.

Back 4

Satire

Front 5

Voltaire was sent to prison ____ and was __________.

Back 5

Twice

Exiled to England for more than two years.

Front 6

What did Voltaire fight for?

Back 6

Tolerance, reason, freedom of religious belief and speech.

Front 7

What did John Locke favor?

Back 7

Self government

Front 8

What did John Locke believe in?

Back 8

Believed that people are born equal and free, with natural rights of life, liberty and property.

Front 9

John Locke believed that government power should come from _____________.

Back 9

The consent of the people.

Front 10

John Locke believed that if the government fails to protect the natural rights ___________.

Back 10

The people can overthrow the government.

Front 11

Mary Wallstonecraft argued for ____________.

Back 11

Female education

Front 12

Mary Wallstonecraft was an ______________.

Back 12

Author/writer

Front 13

What did Mary Wallstonecraft encourage females to do?

Back 13

To work in male dominated fields.

Front 14

Mary Wallstonecraft spread her ideas through ______________.

Back 14

Social events

Front 15

Frederick the Great was the king of _______.

Back 15

Prussia

Front 16

What did Frederick the Great believed in?

Back 16

Believed that serfdom was wrong.

Front 17

Frederick the Great reformed the ________.

Back 17

Justice system

Front 18

Frederick the Great granted _______.

Back 18

Religious freedom

Front 19

Frederick the Great didn't see himself as a _______, but ____________________.

Back 19

King

Normal like everyone else

Front 20

Frederick the Great abolished _________.

Back 20

The use of torture

Front 21

Frederick the Great improved ______________.

Back 21

Education

Front 22

Johannes Kepler used math to determine ________ motion.

Back 22

Planetary

Front 23

Johannes Kepler created laws of __________.

Back 23

Planetary motion (ellipses)

Front 24

Francis Bacon called for ______________ in order to make ______________.

Back 24

Experimentations

Conclusions

Front 25

Francis Bacon developed the _______________.

Back 25

Scientific method

Front 26

Rene Descartes used _________ and ___________ to reach conclusions.

Back 26

Math

Logic

Front 27

Rene Descartes rejected old _________________.

Back 27

Ideas and facts

Front 28

Isaac Newton developed ideas of __________ in 1687.

Back 28

Gravitation

Front 29

Issac Newton

Forces that ruled motion of _________ rule ___________ objects on earth.

Back 29

Planets

Objects

Front 30

Isaac Newton

Ideas led to _______ - idea that world runs like a clock.

Back 30

Deism

Front 31

Isaac Newton claimed that everything could be explained with __________.

Back 31

Math

Front 32

Isaac Newton

Law of inertia: Object in __________ stays in ________________.

Back 32

Motion

Motion

Front 33

Intellectual movement that stressed ________ and _________ to solve __________ and ________ issues (1700s)

Back 33

Reason

Thought

Political

Social

Front 34

John Locke

People are born with ___________ - life, liberty, property.

Back 34

Natural rights

Front 35

John Locke thought that people should be _______ and _________.

Back 35

Free

Equal

Front 36

John Locke thought that people should select ___________.

Back 36

Our government

Front 37

John Locke believed that people had the right to rebel or to _________________.

Back 37

Replace the government if it isn't good.

Front 38

Thomas Hobbes wrote ___________ (1651)

Back 38

Leviathan

Front 39

Thomas Hobbes thought that life was _________________.

Back 39

"nasty, brutish, and short"

Front 40

Thomas Hobbes believed that the best ruler is a ____________.

Back 40

strong monarch

Front 41

Thomas Hobbes

We should hand over rights to ____________ in return for protection (social contract)

Back 41

Strong ruler

Front 42

Baron de Montesquieu had the idea to have three branches of government (separation of _______)

Back 42

powers

Front 43

Voltaire was an author of _______.

Back 43

70 books

Front 44

Voltaire

Freedom of _______ and _________ tolerance.

Back 44

Speech

Religious

Front 45

Voltaire used _________ to make fun of ________ and ___________.

Back 45

Satire

Church

Government

Front 46

Rousseau

Civilization ________ people.

Back 46

Corrupts

Front 47

Rousseau believed in the "general will" of the people - _____________.

Back 47

Everyone is equal

Front 48

Rousseau wrote ____________ (1762)

Back 48

"Social Contract"

Front 49

Mary Wollstonecraft wanted __________ for women

Back 49

Education

Front 50

Mary Wollstonecraft inspired philosophers to meet in women-led ________ across Europe.

Back 50

Salons

Front 51

The Scientific Revolution began in _________.

Back 51

mid-1500s

Front 52

The Scientific Revolution challenged _________ views which were based on two things:

Back 52

Medieval

Greek and Roman texts

the Bible

Front 53

The Scientific Revolution

Biggest idea of the period -

Back 53

the heliocentric theory

Front 54

The scientific revolution claimed that the ___ was in the center of the universe.

Back 54

Sun

Front 55

The Scientific revolution was created by _____________ and ______________.

Back 55

Polish thinker Copernicus

Galileo

Front 56

The scientific revolution

An older theory that earth was center of the universe was created by ___________ and ________.

Back 56

Greek thinker Aristotle

Ptolemy

Front 57

Galileo perfected __________, supported Copernicus.

Back 57

Telescope

Front 58

Galileo discovered surface of moon was ________.

Back 58

Uneven

Front 59

Galileo was forced to ________ by Catholic Church in 1633. Why?

Back 59

Recant

Lived in Italy

Against what the church was teaching

Front 60

Developed the theory of universal gravitation; how the force that pulls two objects together depends on the mass of each object. Applied this theory to the planets' placed in the universe.

Back 60

Isaac Newton (1642-1727)

Front 61

Studied the structure of atoms and introduced the model that atoms have a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus...similar to our solar system.

Back 61

Niels Bohr (1885-1962)

Front 62

An inventor with over 1,000 patents, this scientist is responsible for many of the modern items we use every day, among which are the phonograph, the incandescent light bulb, motion pictures, and the alkaline battery.

Back 62

Thomas Edison (1791-1867)

Front 63

A politician and civic activist, this scientist and inventor is well-known for work with electricity and inventions such as the lightning rod, bifocals, and odometer.

Back 63

Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790)

Front 64

Provided evidence for Copernicus' theory that the sun is fixed in the center of our universe and the earth and other planets revolve around the Sun.

Back 64

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)

Front 65

A physicist and mathematical genius, this scientist is best known for the theory of relativity ( all motion is relative) and the equation that proves such; E=mc2.

Back 65

Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

Front 66

The first person to be awarded two Nobel Prizes, this scientist discovered the elements Radium, and Polonium, and created the theory of radioactivity.

Back 66

Marie Curie (1867-1943)