Key Individual Settlers Of English Colonies

Front 1

What was one of the first English settlement attempt?

Back 1

In 1585, Sir Walter Raleigh took on one of the first English settlement attempts. He set up a colony of about 100 men on the east coast of North America, on land he named Virginia after Queen Elizabeth I

Front 2

What was Sir Walter Raleigh's second attempt at establishing a colony?

Back 2

1587, Roanoke, Virginia.
Evidence of the existence of the entire colony had disappeared except for the word “Croatan” inscribed on a post.

Front 3

What changes took place that strengthened England's ability to colonize America in the early 1600s?

Back 3

The Protestant Reformation, the defeat of the Spanish Armada, and the changes in the English economy.

Front 4

What was the Spanish Armada?

Back 4

130 ships and 30,000 men assembled to invade England.

Front 5

First English translation of the Bible?

Back 5

1611, King James Bible.

Front 6

What fueled the English to colonize?

Back 6

Population growth, economic recession, unemployment, poor crop yeilds, the law of primogeniture, and a growing textile industry.

Front 7

What is "The law of primogeniture?"

Back 7

Stated that only the eldest son inherited an estate.

Front 8

What is a joint-stock company?

Back 8

The joint-stock company allowed several investors to pool their capital and share the risks and profits, becoming the predecessor of the modern corporation.

Front 9

What is a charter, and why was it important?

Back 9

Outlined the basic terms of the joint-stock venture. The charter reinforced the idea that those involved were extensions of England and English customs and guaranteed the settlers the same rights as the people of England.

Front 10

What was the first permanent english colony in America?

Back 10

Jamestown, in late 1606, the Virginia Company set sail with about 100 male settlers aboard. On May 24, 1607, their three ships landed near the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay area on the banks of the James River.

Front 11

What was the "starving time"?

Back 11

The winter of 1609-1610 in Jamestown, when most of the settlers died of hunger and pestilence, leaving alive only 60 of the 400 who had come to Virginia by 1609.

Front 12

What ended the fighting between the Jamestown colony and the Powhatan Indians?

Back 12

In 1614, a peace settlement ended the First Anglo-Powhatan War, and like many settlements of the time in Europe, was sealed with a marriage, in this case between a settler named John Rolfe and Pocahontas, who had converted to Christianity. The settlement lasted for 8 years.

Front 13

What was the start of the North American Slave System?

Back 13

n 1619 a Dutch ship stopped in Jamestown and dropped off 20 Africans, establishing the beginning of the North American slave system.

Front 14

What was the "House of Burgesses"?

Back 14

By 1619, the London Company’s venture in Virginia had enough people to merit a form of self-government called the House of Burgesses, allowing settlers to choose delegates to govern becoming the beginnings of representative self-government in America.

Front 15

What was significant about the peace treaty of 1646 between the Chesapeake Indians and the Virginia colonists?

Back 15

The peace treaty of 1646 banished the Chesapeake Indians from Virginia, sparking a chain reaction of westward movement of tribes, each group displacing the existing peoples, who then moved and displaced others.

Front 16

When was the first assembly of the House of Burgesses, and who were some of the delegates?

Back 16

The first assembly met on July 30, 1619, in the church at Jamestown. Famous delegates include Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington.

Front 17

Who were the Puritans?

Back 17

Protestant followers of the sixteenth century French religious leader, John Calvin, who wanted to return to the “pure” Christianity of the New Testament and remove the Catholic additions.

Front 18

What was the religious ideology of John Calvin?

Back 18

God was all-powerful and all-good and that humans were naturally weak and wicked. Calvinism also proposed that from the beginning of time everyone was either predestined for eternal bliss or eternal torment.

Front 19

What were "Visible Saints"?

Back 19

those who could demonstrate the grace of God to fellow Puritans.

Front 20

Who were the Pilgrims?

Back 20

Puritan extremists who fled to Holland for 12 years before colonizing off the coast of New England in Plymouth Bay.

Front 21

What was the Mayflower Compact?

Back 21

This compact established the first standard in the New World for written laws and was signed by forty-one adult men on the Mayflower.

Front 22

Who was the first Governor of the Plymouth Colony?

Back 22

John Carver.

Front 23

Who made up the first Thanksgiving feast?

Back 23

The Plymouth colonists, Squanto, and the Wampanoag tribe, in 1621.

Front 24

What were some of the first colonies established by the "Separatist Puritans".

Back 24

They established what they felt were ideal Christian communities at Plymouth, Salem, Dover, and Portsmouth.

Front 25

What was the first "non-Separatist Puritan" colony?

Back 25

A group of non-Separatist Puritans secured a royal charter from King Charles I to form the Massachusetts Bay Company in 1629. In 1630, nearly 1,000 settlers in 11 ships arrived on the rocky Massachusetts coast.

Front 26

What was the “The Great Migration.”

Back 26

From 1630 to 1640, between 16,000 and 20,000 settlers came to the New England region due to turmoil in Britain.

Front 27

What was the capital of the Bay Colony.

Back 27

Boston.

Front 28

Who were the "Freemen"?

Back 28

The right to vote and hold office was limited to male church members of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Front 29

What were the two houses of government in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Back 29

The House of Assistants, which was similar to the House of Lords, and the House of Deputies, which was similar to the House of Commons.

Front 30

Who was the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

Back 30

John Winthrop.

Front 31

What was the “A Model of Christian Charity”.

Back 31

A Sermon given in 1630 by John Winthrop which outlined God’s purpose for the Bay Colony. "We shall be a city set on a hill," Winthrop said of Boston, where the church was the center of life. His goal was to build a holy society that would be a model for humankind.