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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mendel's Principles
Law of Segregation |
-states that alleles seperate from each other during meiosis
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Mendel's Principles
Law of independent assortment |
-states that alleles of a pair segregate independently of other allele pairs during gamete formation
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Mendel's Principles
Law of Segregation |
-states that alleles seperate from each other during meiosis
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Mendel's Principles
Law of independent assortment |
-states that alleles of a pair segregate independently of other allele pairs during gamete formation
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Alleles
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-alternative forms of gene
-dominant&recessive |
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Locus
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-physical location of gene on chromosome
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Dominant Allele
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-determines the organisms appearence
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Recessive Allele
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-no noticable affect on the appearence
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Pedigree
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-family tree representing occurrence of heritable traits in parents and offspring across a number of generations.
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Heteroqygous vs. homozygous
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-heterozygous has 2 different alleles for a gene
-homozygous has 2 identical alleles for a gene |
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Genotype vs. phenotype
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-genotype is its genetic makeup
-phenotype is the manifestion of the gene based on organisms expressed or physical, traits |
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Complete Dominance
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-dominant allele had same phenotypic effect wheter present in one or two copies
-a pattern of inheritance |
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Incomplete Dominance
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-hybrids have in between phenotype of 2 parental varities
-red+white=pink -a pattern of inheritance |
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Plietrophy
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-single gene affecting multiple traits
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Polygenic Inheritance
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-multiple gene interacting
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Sex linked
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-gene located on sex chromosome
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Tumor Supressor Genes
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-protein that stops tumor formation by supressing cell division
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Cancer Teatments
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-kemotherapy
-radation |
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Tumor/Cancer
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-out of control cell division
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Chloroplasts
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-in mesophyll cell
-contain outer membrane, inner membrane, channel of interconneting thylakoids, thlakoid, granum(stack of thylakoids) |
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Fermentation
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-lactate (humans=lactic acid,bacteria,cheese)
-alcohol (yeast=beer & wine) -both carbon manoxide & cyanide kill by disrupting cellular respiration |
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mRNA
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-mesenger
-encodes information from dna an conveys it to ribosomes, where the information is translated into amino acid sequences |
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tRNA
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-transfer
-functions as interperter in translation. -has specific anticodon that picks up specific amino acid and conveys the amino acidto appropriate codon mRNA |
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rRNA
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-ribosomal
-together with proteins make up ribosomes -most abundant type of rna |
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Protooncogenes
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-creates functional protein
-normal gene that can be convertedto cancer-causing gene |
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Oncogenes
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-mutatted
-cancer causing gene usually contributes to malignancy by anormally enhancing the amount of acitivity of a growth factor mady by cells |
