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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Movement takes place where?
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Within a plane, around an axis
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If I have a sagittal plane, and a frontal axis, what kind of movement would I have?
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Flexion & extension
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If I have a frontal plane w/ sagittal axis, what kind of movement would I display?
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Abductiion and adduction
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What is circumduction?
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The movement that successively combines flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction in which the part being moved describes a cone.
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A postural assessment should reveal or make us want to look at other things, such as...
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* Faulty alignment
* muscle length * muscle strength |
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Define "posture"
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The alignment of the body segments with respect to the outside world.
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What kind of input does our body get that creates our posture?
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Visual input, proprioception, movement awareness (kinesthesia), vibration & tactile input.
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What is equilibrium responses?
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The reactions we use to maintain posture as we move, maintaining our COG over a BOS
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What is "Righting
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Bringing the body into normal alignment when moving from one posture to another
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What is ideal when assessing a side view of posture?
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From feet, plumb line should fall
* anterior to the ankle * anterior to the knees * posterior to the hip (through the grtr. trochanter) * midway through the trunk * through the AD joint * through the external auditory meatus |
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When observing a posterior view of posture, you will look for...
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* Feet should be 3-4" apart, with 8-10% out toeing.
* Medial malleolus even * Creases in knees even * Even glutteal fold * Even grt trochanter * Even iliac crest * Straight spine * Scapulae * Even Acromion Process * Even head |
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When documenting posture, you will document "Posture within normal limits except for.." name the descriptions you will use and one more important piece of information.
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Description:
* Slight * Moderate * Marked Make sure you indicate supine or standing, frontal, side or posterior view. |
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What is a definition of correct posture?
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A position in which minimal stress is applied to each joint
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Therefore... the definition of faulty posture is...
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Any position that increases or causes undo stress on the joints
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84% of the weight bearing should be on what part of the spine?
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The lumbar
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What are the primary curves of the spine?
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The curves at birth, called a "C" curve
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Name the 4 secondary curves
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1.) Cervical Lordosis - concave posture
2.) Thoracic kyphosis - convex 3.) Lumbar Lordosis - concave 4.) Sacral kyphosis - convex |
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Why do we have curves in the spine?
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to absorb shock
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Where is our COG?
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T-12 (children) to S2, depending on who you read
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What is balance?
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The alignment of the COG over the BOS
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Name 8 factors affecting posture
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* Boney contours (the way a bone grows can change our posture)
* Ligament laxity (w/o support, the bony aligment would fall in) * Soft tissue tightness (posterior capsul tightness in hip will put hip in exterior rotation for example) *Muscle tone (tone, not tightness) * Pelvic angle * Joint mobility * Neurological factors (where we are in space( * Hormones (relaxant in pregnancy, flexibility goes through the roof & ligaments soften) |
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Name 6 causes of poor posture
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* Habit
* Growth * Muscle imbalance * Pain * Pathology * Structural factors |
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How many days does it take to form a habit? :)
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21 days. We are talking about patient education regarding habits. We have to take them from poor posture to good posture. In 3 weeks a good posture will feel "normal" and a bad posture will feel "odd"
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Why can't most children between the ages of 12-14 touch their toes?
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Their bones are growing so fast, the hamstrings haven't had time to catch up.
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What is Scoliosis?
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A lateral curvature of the spine
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What are some causes of scoliosis?
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Leg length
tightness/weakness. Many causes are unknown |
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Do more males or females have scoliosis?
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Females
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In scoliosis, you will have a primary curve and a secondary curve. Describe them.
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Primary curve is the larger curve. Secondary curve is the compensatory curve
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How are the curves named?
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Named st the apex of the convexity; for example Left T8, Right L2. If they have one long "C" curve, it is still named the same way. (Right 12)
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