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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did Gregor Mendel study?
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He studied traits, heredity and genetics
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What is a purebred?
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An organism with two of the same alleles
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What did Mendel cross in first experiment?
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He crossed two purebred tall plants with two purebred short plants
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What does the first filial mean?
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It means the first generation
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What did Mendel find after crossing the two types of plants?
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All of the offspring were tall
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What are genes?
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They are the factors that control traits
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What are alleles?
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They are the different forms of a gene
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What are Punnett squares used for?
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To show the possible outcome of a genetic cross
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What is heterzygous and homozygous?
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Homozygous is when the alleles are the same. (remember this by thinking of homos)
Heterzygous is when the alleles are different. |
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What is co dominates?
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When the alleles are neither dominant or recessive but both are shown.
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Who is Sutton and what did he discover?
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He discovered that sex cells have half the chromosomes as other cells.
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What's meiosis?
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It is the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half to form sex cells. One alleles goes to each sex cell.
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Describe meiosis. (5 sentences)
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Every chromosome in the cell is copied.
Chromosome pairs line up in the middle of the cell. They are brought to opposite sides of the cell as the cell divides. Two new cells form with sister chromosomes. The process happens again and four sex cells are formed with only half the number of chromosomes. |
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What is protein synthesis?
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The production of proteins.
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Describe what happens during protein synthesis.
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Before protein synthesis can take place, the messenger RNA must carry the genetic code from the DNA to the cytoplasm.The first step is for DNA molecules to unzip between its base pairs. Then one of the strands of DNA directs the production of a strand of messenger RNA. To form the RNA strand, RNA base pairs up with the DNA bases. The messenger RNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosomes. Their molecules of transfer RNA pick up the amino acids and puts it in the correct order along the protein chain.
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What are the three types of mutations?
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"Insertion"
"Deletion" "Point Mutation" |
