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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kawasaki Disease: What is the pathology?
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Is an autoimmune disease that manifests as a systemic necrotizing medium-sized vessel vasculitis and is largely seen in children under 5 years of age. It affects many organ systems, mainly those including the blood vessels, skin, mucous membranes and lymph nodes; however, its most serious effect is on the heart where it can cause severe coronary artery aneurysms in untreated children. Systemic vasculitis is an inflammatory condition affecting both veins and arteries throughout the body.
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Kawasaki Disease: What is the cause?
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Caused by a proliferation of cells associated with an immune response to a pathogen, or autoimmunity.
immune response to an infectious, toxic substance |
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Kawasaki Disease: What risk factors?
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The cardiac complications are the most important aspect of the disease. Kawasaki disease can cause vasculitic changes (inflammation of blood vessels) in the coronary arteries and subsequent coronary artery aneurysms. These aneurysms can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack) even in young children. Overall, about 10–18% of children with Kawasaki disease develop coronary artery aneurysms with much higher prevalence among patients who are not treated early in the course of illness. Kawasaki disease and rheumatic fever are the most common causes of acquired heart disease among children in the United States.
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Kawasaki Disease: Highest risk
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Asian boys under 5 years. Worse if younger
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Kawasaki Disease: Diagnostic tests?
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Classically, five days of fever plus four of five diagnostic criteria must be met in order to establish the diagnosis.
The criteria are: (1) erythema of the lips or oral cavity or cracking of the lips; (2) rash on the trunk; (3) swelling or erythema of the hands or feet; (4) red eyes (conjunctival injection) (5) swollen lymph node in the neck of at least 15 millimeters. |
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Kawasaki Disease: Signs & symptoms?
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tachycardia
inflammation in Capillaries, arterioles & venules & heart Acute: inflammation spreads to larger vessels & aneurysms of the coronary arteries develop. |
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Kawasaki Disease: Lab tests?
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No specific laboratory test for this condition
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