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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Family of integral membrane glycoproteins that bind to sugars on the surface of cells.
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Selectins
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Selectins contain a small _______ domain, a single _______-spanning domain, and a large _______ segment.
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-cytoplasmic
-membrane -extracellular |
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What domain in the extracellular component of selectins allow them to bind to carbohydrates of neighboring cells?
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lectin-like domain
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What is the most damaging mutation that can occur in selectin?
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The loss of the lectin-like domain.
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Where are E-selectin found?
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endothelial cells
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Where are P-selectin found?
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Platelets and endothelial cells
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Where are L-selectin found?
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Leukocytes
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What element is required to bind selectin to their carbohydrate groups?
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Calcium
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What group of proteins are involved in immune functions?
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Immunoglobulin Superfamily (IgSF)
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_______ are involved in calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion, while _______ are involved in calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion.
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-selectin
-IgSF |
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What are three members of the IgSF that mediate adhesion between non-immune cells?
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VCAM (vascular cell-adhesion molecule
NCAM (neural cell-adhesion molecule L1 |
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_______ and _______ mediate nerve outgrowth, synapse formation, and other events during the development of the nervous system.
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NCAM and L1
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_______ is involved in the directed growth of axons within the embryonic nervous system.
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L1
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Glycoproteins that mediate calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion.
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Cadherins
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What types of cells do cadherins join together?
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Cells of similar types by preferentially binding to the same cadherin present at the surface of the neighboring cell.
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_______ cells have high expression of cadherins.
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epithelial cells
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_______ cells have low expressions of cadherins.
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mesenchymal cells
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What happens during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)?
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During embryogenesis, cells gain and lose specific adhesive properties. Some epithelial cells, which are tightly adherent and polarized, may become mesenchymal cells. Mesenchymal cells, which are solitary, nonadhesive, nonpolarized, and migratory, may become epithelial cells.
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What are the two main cell-cell adhesive junctions that anchor cells to other cells?
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-adherin junctions
-desmosomes |
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Belts near the apical surface formed by adherins junctions.
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junctional complex
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Cells of adherens junctions are held together by _______ dependent linkages.
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Calcium
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Disked-shaped adhesive junctions between cells.
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Desmosomes
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In what kind of tissues are desmosomes most commonly found in?
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Areas of mechanical stress (i.e. skin, gum, uterine cervix).
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Desmosomes contain _______ that link the two cells across a narrow gap.
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Cadherins
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What are the two cadherin domains of desmosomes?
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desmogelins
desmocollins |
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The transfer of information across the plasma membrane is called _______.
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transmembrane signaling
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What are four responses that an integrin-ligand complex can induce in a cell?
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-changes in cytoplasmic pH
-Ca++ concentration -protein phosphorylation -gene expression |
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What are four results that could occur with responses from the integrin-ligand complex?
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-altered cell growth potential
-migratory activity -state of differentiation -survival |
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What is an example of how cells cannot differentiate when laminin is not present?
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When laminin is not present, mammary gland epithelial cells lose their ability to synthesize milk and become flattened and undifferentiated.
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