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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Founder of Person-Centered Therapy
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Carl Rogers
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Therapy where the individual is good and moves toward growth and self-actualization
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Person-Centered Therapy
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Founder of Transactional Analysis
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Berne
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Messages learned about self in childhood determine whether person is good or bad, though intervention can change this script
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Transactional Analysis
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Founder of Psychoanalysis
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Freud
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Deterministic; people are controlled by biological insticts; are unsocialized, irrational; driven by unconcious forces
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Psychoanalysis
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Father of REBT
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Albert Ellis
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People have a cultural / biological propensity to think in a disturbed manner but can be taught to use their capacity to react differently
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REBT
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Founder of Gestalt
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Perls
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People are not bad or good. People have the capcity to govern life effectively as "whole". People are part of their environment and must be viewed as such.
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Gestalt
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Father of Reality Therapy
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Glasser
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Individuals strive to meet basic psychological needs and the need to be worthwile to self and others. Brain as control system tries to meet needs.
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Reality Therapy
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Founder of Individual Therapy
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Adler
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Mas is basically good. Much of behavior is determined via birth order
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Adler
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Founder of Analytic Psychology
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Jung
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Man strives for individuation or self-fulfillment
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Analytic Psychology
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Founder of Behavior Modification
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Skinner
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Humans are like other animals; mechanistic and controlled via environmental stimuli and reinforcement contingencies; not good or bad; no self-determination or freedom
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Behaviorism
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Founder of Neo-Behavioristic
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Bandura
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Person produces and is product of conditioning
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Neo-Behavioristic
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Founder of logotherapy
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Frankl
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Existential view is that humans are good, rational and retain freedom of choice
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Logotherapy
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Father of Trait Factor
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Williamson
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Through education and scientific data, man can become himself. Humans are born with potential for good or evil. Others are needed to help unleash positive potential. Man is mainly rational, not intuitive.
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Trait Factor
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Father of psychodrama
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Moreno
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Father of Guidance
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Parsons
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Father of Gestalt Therapy
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Fritz Perls
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Father of Psychoanalysis
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Freud
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Father of Analytic Psychology
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Jung
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Father of Transactional Analysis
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Berne
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Freudian Theory emphasizes
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instincts
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Erik Erikson's theory emphasizes
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man's powers of reasoning to control behavior - ego psychology
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Id is...
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sex, aggression, chaotic, concerned only with the body
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Ego is...
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logical, rational, reasoning, control
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Superego is...
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moralistic, idealistic
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Who believes if it can't be measured, then it does not exist?
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Behaviorists (don't believe in the mind, id, ego, superego, or consciousness)
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The only pschoanalyst whose theory encompasses the entire life span is...
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Erik Erikson
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The last Freudian stage is...
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the genital stage beginning at age 12
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Erikson's believes in how many stages
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8 with the final stage beginning at age 60
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Brill is associated with
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career theory
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Milton H. Erikson is associated with
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dbrief psychotherapy and innovative techniques in hypnosos
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Piaget observed __ in his own research
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his own children
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What does a t-test measure
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a significant difference between two groups
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Who expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of moral development?
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Kohlberg
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Who is the father of behaviorism and coined the term behaviorism?
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John B. Watson
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Define identity crisis and who came up with the term?
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Erikson felt adolescents experiment with many roles.
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Who is associated with individual psychology and the inferiority complex?
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Alfred Adler
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What are Kohlberg's three levels of morality?
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Preconventional, conventional, and postconventional
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When does a child respond to reward and punishment according to Kohlberg?
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In the Preconventional level
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When does the individual want to meet standards of family, society, and even the nation according to Kohlberg?
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During the conventional stage
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According to Kohlberg, when is an individual concerned with universal, ethical principles of justice, dignity, and equality of human rights, and the common good of society.
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During the postconvential level
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Who is associated with bonding and attachment?
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John Bowlby
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What is object loss?
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if a bond with an adult is severed at an early age according to Bowlby
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What is symbiosis and who is associated with this term?
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Mahler termed the child's absolute dependence on the female caretaker - difficulties can result in psychosis.
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Who is associated with maternal deprivation and isolation in the rhesus monkey?
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Harry Harlow
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What is anaclitic depression
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coined by Renee Spitz, children reared in impersonal situation cried more, had difficulty sleeping, had more health difficulties, and had difficulty forming close relationships.
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Maccoby and Jacklin
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found Males are better the Females performing math equations.
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What is the suicide rate?
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12/100,000; rates increase with age; top ten causes of death
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When is the fear of death greatest?
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in middle age
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Which Freudian stage least emphasizes sexuality?
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Latency
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Stage theorist assume qualitative or quantitative changes occur between stages.
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qualitative
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What does cephalocaudal mean?
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head to foot (human development is this.)
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Heredity assumes what three things?
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a normal person has 23 pairs of chromosomes, characteristics are transmitted between chromosomes, and genes composed of DNA hold a genetic code
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What is Piaget's final stage of development?
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Formal operational stage
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What occurs in Piaget's formal operational stage?
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abstract thinking emerges, problems can be solved using deduction, large number never reach this stage, abstract concept of time, distance, not experience helplessness
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Theorists who believe development consists of quantitative changes are
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empiricists
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Who is associated with empiricism
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John Locke
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What is the opposite of empiricism?
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do not believe in mind-body distinction; change can be internal; organicism
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Empiricists view would be
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behavioristic - emphasize role of environment v. organismic emphasize individual action
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What is ethology and who coined the term?
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Konrad Lorenz; study of animal's behavior in their natural environments
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