Kaplan 3.5.03: Sensory Organ Histology

Front 1

3 compartments of eye

Back 1

anterior chamber
posterior chamber
vitreous cavity

Front 2

anterior chamber is between ___ and ___

Back 2

cornea
iris

Front 3

posterior chamber is between ___ and ___

Back 3

iris
lens

Front 4

vitreous cavity is between ___ and ___

Back 4

lens
internal wall of eyeball

Front 5

3 layers of wall of eyeball (from out to in)

Back 5

corneoscleral coat
uvea
retina

Front 6

3 parts of corneoscleral coat

Back 6

cornea
sclera
limbus

Front 7

the cornea has ___ layers. the 4 layer in is the ___. it is produced by ___, which is the ___th layer

Back 7

5
Descemet membrane
corneal endothelium
innermost

Front 8

at the ___, Descemet membrane becomes ___ and then ___.

Back 8

limbus
trabecular meshwork
the canal of Schlemm

Front 9

3 parts of uvea

Back 9

choroid
ciliary body
iris

Front 10

ciliary body does ___ (2)

Back 10

lens shape
aqueous humor

Front 11

2 kinds of muscle in iris

Back 11

sphincter pupillae
radial dilator

Front 12

sphincter pupillae is under ___ control. its fibers are arranged ___ly.

Back 12

para
circumferential

Front 13

radial dilator is under ___ control. its fibers are arranged ___ly.

Back 13

sym
radial

Front 14

cataracts are caused by accumulation of ___ in ___, which are ___.

Back 14

pigment
lens fibers
anucleate cells

Front 15

7 layers of retina

Back 15

pigment epithelium
outer nuclear layer
outer plexiform layer
inner nuclear layer
inner plexiform layer
ganglion layer
internal limiting membrane

Front 16

outer nuclear layer contains ___, i.e. ___ (2)

Back 16

photoreceptors
rods
cones

Front 17

photoreceptors are ___ neurons and contain ___ in their dendrite

Back 17

bipolar
photosensitive pigment

Front 18

rods contain the pigment ___ and are for ___ vision

Back 18

rhodopsin
low light level

Front 19

cones contain the pigment ___ for sensing ___.

Back 19

iodopsin
red

Front 20

outer plexiform layer is composed of synapses between ___ and ___

Back 20

photoreceptors
bipolar cells

Front 21

inner nuclear layer contains nuclei of ___

Back 21

bipolar cells

Front 22

inner plexiform layer contains synapses between ___ and ___

Back 22

bipolar cells
ganglion cells

Front 23

sound is relayed from outer ear to middle by ___

Back 23

tympanic membrane

Front 24

the bones in the middle ear are ___ and are collectively called ___. they serve to ___ sound.

Back 24

malleus
incus
stapes
ossicles
amplify

Front 25

___ is the ossicle connected with tympanic membrane
___ is the ossicle which bangs on the cochlea
they are connected by ___

Back 25

malleus
stapes
incus

Front 26

the stapes interfaces with the cochlea at ___, which leads into the ___

Back 26

oval window
scala vestibuli

Front 27

eustachian tube connects ___ and ___

Back 27

middle ear
nasopharynx

Front 28

2 parts of inner ear

Back 28

osseous labyrinth
membranous labyrinth

Front 29

the membranous labyrinth is inside ___

Back 29

osseous labyrinth

Front 30

fluid in osseous labyrinth
this fluid is similar in electrolyte composition to ___

Back 30

perilymph
CSF (low K+, high Na+, high Ca2+)

Front 31

3 parts of membranous labyrinth

Back 31

cochlear duct (scala media)
otolith organs
semicircular canals

Front 32

fluid in membranous labyrinth
this fluid is similar in electrolyte composition to ___

Back 32

endolymph
intracellular fluid (high K+, low Na+)

Front 33

___ is epithelium lining the lateral wall of the scala media. it does ___.

Back 33

stria vascularis
makes endolymph

Front 34

___ separates scala vestibuli from scala media

Back 34

Reissner membrane

Front 35

___ separates scala media from scala tympani

Back 35

basilar membrane (membranous spiral lamina)

Front 36

___ sits on basilar membrane and contains sound-transducing apparatus

Back 36

organ of corti

Front 37

___ cells transduce sound

Back 37

hair

Front 38

2 kinds of hair cells

Back 38

inner
outer

Front 39

inner hair cells do ___
outer hair cells do ___

Back 39

sound transduction
sound amplification

Front 40

sound transduction by hair cells occurs by vibration of ___, which can brush against ___ membrane

Back 40

stereocilia
tectorial

Front 41

deflection of inner hair cells stereocilia causes ___ influx from ___ at ___, causing ___. This allows ___ influx from ___ at ___, which causes ___.

Back 41

K+
endolymph
apical membrane
depolarization
Ca2+
perilymph
basilar membrane
neurotransmitter exocytosis

Front 42

the proximal part of the basilar membrane is ___ (2), making it sense ___ sound. the distal part of the basilar membrane is ___ (2) making it sense ___ sound.

Back 42

stiff
narrow
high-frequency
floppy
broad
low-frequency

Front 43

2 otolith organs

Back 43

utricle
saccule

Front 44

receptor organs of otolith organs

Back 44

maculae

Front 45

otoliths are mostly ___

Back 45

Ca2+ carbonate

Front 46

otolith organs sense ___ acceleration

Back 46

linear

Front 47

receptor organs of semicircular canals

Back 47

cristae ampullaris

Front 48

semicircular canals sense ___ acceleration

Back 48

rotational