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58 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Draw muscle neuron figure
1) There's *** method of transport out of the ER...
2) which is goes to the ***
2) However, another method is through *** *** ***.
1) one
2) golgi
3) membrane contact sites
***: AA sequence used for nuclear import.
NLS (Nuclear localization signal/sequence)
Phase transition temperatures...
C14:0 =
C18:0 =
C18:1 =
C18:2 =
C14:0 = 24 deg C
C18:0 = 58 deg C
C18:1 = 5 deg C
C18:2 = -53 deg C NEG
NLS typically has 1+ short sequences of *** charged AAs like *** or *** exposed on protein surface.
positively
lysine - K
arginine - R
1) N-glycosolation uses the AA ***
2) followed by ***
3) followed by *** or ***
1) asparagine
2) proline
3) serine OR threonine
*** *** holds sugars being attached to *** during ***-glycosylation.
dolichol bisphosphate
asparagine - N - Asn
N-glycosylation
1) ***: Proteins assisting non-covalent folding/un/assembly/dis of macromolecular structures.
2) ***: Our example... in ER lumen binding incoming and outgoing proteins.
1) Chaperones
2) Binding immunoglobulin protein(BiP)
1) ***: Chaperone ensuring only properly folded/assembled proteins proceed thru secretory pathway.
2) Protein is given *** chances to be sent to golgi
1) Calnexin
2) 3
1) ***: Proteins help form heterodimers.
1) Chaperones
1) There are *** pathways from Golgi to ECM.
2) What are they?
1) two
2) Constitutive & Regulated Secretory Pathway
1) A *** determines where mRNA is translated.
2) After translation it's cleaved by *** ***.
1) 20-26 AA sequence
2) cleaved --- signal peptidase
SRP binds the 'signal peptide' of *** *** peptide emerging from ribosome causing *** ***.
newly synthesized
elongation arrest
**: Freshly generated.
nascent
Proteins with an *** can form a heterotrimeric complex with an exportin.
nuclear export sequence (NES)
--- 'signal peptide' ---
1) *** AA long.
2) *** to water
1) 20-26 AA
2) hydrophobic
β su uses the *** repeat of *** as a ladder into the nucleus.
FG (phenylalanine—glycine)
nucleoporins
--- Polyribosomes ---
Three forms?
1) ***
2) *** bound
3) *** bound
1) free
2) cytoskeletal bound
3) membrane bound
FG repeat?
phenylalanine—glycine repeat
*** catalyzes hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen. One molecule converts catalyzes *** molecules per second.
Catalase
40 million
NLS?
Nuclear Localization Signal/Sequence
***: AA sequence used for nuclear import.
NLS (Nuclear localization signal/sequence)
NLS typically has 1+ short sequences of *** charged AAs like *** or *** exposed on protein surface.
positively
lysine - K
arginine - R
--- Karyopherins ---
1) α su binds *** of imported protein.
2) β su helps complex to bind the *** *** ***.
1) NLS of
2) nuclear pore complex.
LS is *** AA long containing *** charged AAs...
1)
2)
8-10 --- positively
1) lysine - Lys - K
2) aRginine - Arg - R
--- SRP ---
Don't confuse what?
Signal Recognition
+++PARTICLE+++
with
----protein----
1) SRP Don't forget?
1) PARTICLE
--- ER translocators ---
1) Eukaryotes: *** complex
2) Bacteria: ***
3) Classified functionally as ***.
4) Classically named one...
1) Sec62 complex
2) SecA
3) translocons
4) Ribophorin
!!!***: AA peptide on *** end keeping/attracting all proteins to ER(even Golgi). Leave only if sequence is cleaved.
KDEL
N-Terminus
!!!--- KDEL ---
K?
D?
E?
L?
K--Lys--Lysine
D--Asp--Aspartic acid
E--Glu--Glutamic acid
L--Leu--Leucine
N-linked glycosylation begin with addition of a *** precursor through the *** enzyme.
14-sugar
oligosaccharyltransferase

oligo saccharyl transferase
Transfers 14-sugar to protein.
oligosaccharyl transferase
1) ***: Chaperone ensuring only properly folded/assembled proteins proceed thru secretory pathway.
2) Protein is given *** chances to be sent to golgi.
1) Calnexin
2) 3
GPI? Spelled?
Anchors protein to cell membrane.
Directs to ER > Golgi > ECM
glycosylphosphatidylinositol

glycosyl - phosphatidyl - inositol
3 Pathways out of Golgi
1)
2)
3)
1) lysosome
2) cell exterior
3) cell exterior (default no signal)
!!!VTC(*** *** ***): Compartment mediating trafficking between the ER & Golgi carried on ***.
VTC(Vesicular tubular cluster)
microtubules
!!!Vesicles w/*** coat merge into traveling VTC(vesicular tubular cluster).
COPII
--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** cisterna
2) *** cisterna
3) *** cisterna
1) cis
2) media
3) trans
--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** Golgi network(***)
2) *** Golgi network(***)
1) Cis --- (CGN)
2) Trans --- (TGN)
--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** face - enter
2) *** face - exit
1) cis
2) trans
--- Golgi Complex ---
1) *** Golgi networks
2) *** cisternas
3) *** faces
1) two
2) three
3) two
!!!***: Vesicle coat protein transporting proteins from cis-Golgi back to RER.
COPI (COat Protein complex I)
!!!***: Type of vesicle coat protein transporting proteins from RER to Golgi apparatus.
COPII (COat Protein complex II)
COPII?
COat Protein complex II
Lysosomal enzymes are tagged w/***--***-*** and sent to lysosome.
mannose-6-phosphate
POMC?
*** makes this molecule functional
preproopiomelanocorticotropin
pre pro opio melano cortico tropin

proteolysis
1) N-linked glycosylation of *** in ***.
2) O-linked glycosylation of *** in ***.
1) Nitrogen --- ER
2) Oxygen of hydroxyl --- Golgi apparatus
--- O-linked Glycosylation ---
1) O of these AA(3 forms)
2) When followed by...
1) (Ser)ine, (Thr)eonine, (tYr)osine
2) (asp)aragiNe
***: Vesicles not ordinarily present in living cells.
Microsomes
Example of complex oligosaccharide...
sialic acid
NANA
N-acetylneuraminic acid
!!!***: is used to mark proteins in Golgi for transport to ER.
KDEL
1) M6P / M6PR complex disassociate because of...
2) M6P stays in early endosome because...
1) acidic pH
2) phosphatase (deP'd)
List 10-15 uses for ATP.
1) How many?
2) Group 1?
1) 4
DNA Helicase
DNA Gyrase
DNA Clamp
Spliceosome
List 10-15 uses for ATP.
1) How many?
2) Group 2?
1) 3
Myosin
Kinesin
Dynein
List 10-15 uses for ATP.
1) How many?
2) Group 3?
1) 2
Flippase
Scramblase
List 10-15 uses for ATP.
1) How many?
2) Group 4?
1) 3
Proton pump
Na+/K+ pump
Nucleopore
List 10-15 uses for ATP.
1) How many?
2) Group 5?
1) 2
Chaperones (BiP)
Chaperones (calnexin)
List 10-15 uses for ATP.
How many?
1) Group 1?
2) Group 2?
3) Group 3?
4) Group 4?
5) Group 5?
1) 4
2) 3
3) 2
4) 3
5) 2